| A | B |
|---|
| organelles | structures inside a cell that perform a particular function for the cell. |
| nucleus | the cell's control center; it stores the cells genetic info. and controls the cell's function |
| nuclear membrane | the thin membrane around the nucleus |
| chromosomes | structures that direct cell growth and reproduction and hold the genetic information that is massed onto new cells. |
| mitochondria | organelles that produce energy for the cell |
| ribosomes | tiny organelles that produce protein for the cell |
| endoplasmic reticulum (er) | an organelle that functions as the cell's transportation system |
| Golgi appartatus | an organelle that modifies and transports proteins and lipids |
| lysosomes | organelles that recycle worn out cell organelles and metabolized material for the body to reuse |
| vacuoles | organelles that store water, food, other materials that the cell need's, and waste products |
| Chloroplasts | metabolic centers that contain the green pigment chlorophyll |
| energy | the ability to do work |
| cellular respiration | the breaking down of food molecules by cells into useable energy. |
| atp | the molecule that carries small packets of energy for a cells activities |
| metabolic pathway | a series of chemical reactions that breaks down or makes materials that the cells needs |
| enzymes | special proteins that speed up chemical reactions in on organism or cell. |
| diffusion | the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| turgor pressure | the internal pressure created by the diffusion of water into a plant cell |
| osmosis | the diffusion of water through a membrane |
| selectively permeable membranes | membranes that allow some substances to pass through them while blocking other substances |
| mitosis | the cell division process in which each daughter cell receives an identical copy of the parents chromosomes |
| cytoplasm | surrounds everything inside the cell |
| binary fission | cell division in which one cell splits into two identical daughter cells, each having a complete set of DNA |
| cell | a basic unit of structure of al living things |
| cell theory | states that: all living things are composed of one or more cells. ALso, it is the basic unit of life in all living things. All of the chemical reactions of a living organism occur within its cells |
| cell wall | a thick outer layer of cellulose that gives plant cells added support and strength |
| cell membrane | a flexible, thin protective layer around a cell that helps to control what goes in and out of the cell |
| meiosis | a process similar to mitosis, is the cell division process in which new cells with half the usual number of chromosomes are produced |
