| A | B |
|---|
| All living things..... | 1. Are made of one or more cells 2. reproduce 3. adjust to the surroundings |
| cell | the smallest units that carry out all life functions |
| stimulus | anything that an organism responds to |
| response | the reaction of an organism t a stimulus |
| adaptation | any characteristic of an organism that makes it better able to survive in its environment |
| homeostasis | the regulation of an orgaism internal environment to maitain conditions that allow it to live |
| single celled organisms... | increase in cell size |
| multi celled organisms... | increase in cell number |
| development | the changes that all organisms under go as they grow |
| life span | the length of time an organim is expected to live |
| all living things need.. | 1. Energy-main source-sun..used to make food 2.water-living things are 70% water 3. chemical and minerals -oxygen, carobon dioxide |
| people used to think... | living things came form non-living material |
| Francesco Redi | performed 1st controlled expirement - wanted to prove tht living things came from only other living things-used meat in jars to prove maggots cam form flies not meat |
| Lazzaro Spallanizani | used beef broth-suggsted an open flask would become cloudy with microorganisms from the air and closed flask would stay clear |
| Louis Pasteur | proved con clusively that living things come form only other living things-new theory called biogenesis |
| Alexander Orarin | Russian-the Earth's atomosphere used to be diff. & indluded gases-ammonia, menthane, hydrogen and watr vpr. -no oxy.- lightin helped gases to combine & form chemical comp. which liv. thng. r made-compds eventualy able to copy and makeother chemials for energy & food |
| Stanley Miller | American-electrical sparks were sent though a mixture of gases-aft. 1 wk, chemical compds ~ amino acids & sugars formed- showed that substances found in lving thngs COULD come from nonliving materials in the environment-BUT didnt prove life 1st formed this way |
| virus | a piece of a hereditary matierial covered by a protein coat that infects and reproduces only inside a living cell |
| Virus living characteristics | reproduces |
| Virus non-living characteristics | doesnt grow, doesnt respond (adjust to surroundings), doesnt eat ( get energy) can be crystalized and kept for years |
| Viruses are classified by | thier shape, their kind of hereditary material, the kind of organisms they infect, how they repoduce |
| viruses are named for | diseas they cause and tissue they infect |
| viruses must be in a living cell to reproduce, cell is called a .... | host cell |
| inactive virus | is called a latent |
| diseases caused by viruses | polio, HIV, chicken pox, flu, cold, mumps, cold sores, measles, rabies |
| vaccine | a weakened form of a virus whch helps you produce anitbodies aganist the birus bt doesnt make you sick |
| Edward Jenner | invented one of the first vaccinesin 1796-first created for small pox |
