| A | B |
|---|
| civilization | a culture that has reached a certain level of development |
| irrigation system | ditches used to control flooding and water more land |
| city-state | a city and the land around it |
| theocracy | rule by an individual who is both the religious leader and the king |
| cuneiform | writing made up of wedge shaped markings on clay tablets |
| empire | group of states under one ruler |
| delta | fan-shaped or triangular piece of rich, fertile land |
| pharaoh | great ruler of ancient Egypt |
| polytheistic | believing in more than one god |
| embalm | preserve for burial |
| pyramids | tombs of pharaohs |
| hieroglyphics | form of picture writing |
| papyrus | plant from which a form of paper is made |
| scribes | people who record the governments business |
| monotheism | belief in one supreme god |
| Diaspora | the scattering of the Jew outside of the Holy Land |
| scapegoat | someone else to blame for one's own troubles |
| messiah | savior |
| disciples | followers |
| minister | take care of |
| Crusades | Catholic campaigns to capture the city of Jerusalem |
| five pillars of faith | five obligations all Muslims must fulfill |
| hajj | pilgrimmage, or journey to Makkah |
