| A | B |
|---|
| digestion | the process by which the giestive system breaks down food into molecules that the body can use |
| enzyme | substances that speed up chemical reactions |
| absorption | the process by which nutrients pass through the lining of your digestive system into your blood |
| pharynx | the junction between the digestive tract and the respiratory system |
| epiglottis | a flap of tissue that seals off the trachea, or windpipe, preventing food and liquid from entering your lungs |
| peristalsis | the wave of muscle contractions that pushes food through through the esophagus and toward the stomach |
| chyme | the thick liquid state of food that occurs after most proteins have been chemically digested into shorter chains of amino acids |
| bile | the substance that physically breaks up large fat droplets that clump together |
| gallbladder | the organ that stores bile |
| villi | tiny fingerlike projections that line the small intestine |
| foodborne illness | results from consuming a food or drink that contains either poison or a disease-causing microorganism |
| cross-contamination | the spread of microorganisms from one food to another food |
| excretion | the process by which the body collects and removes wastes |
| urea | a substance formed in the liver from waste products of protein breakdown |
| kidney | the major organs of the excretory system, that filter urea and other wastes from the blood |
| urine | a watery fluid produced by the kidneys that contain urea and other wastes |
| nephron | tiny filtering unit that removes wastes and produces urine |
| glomerulus | a cluster of tiny blood vessels in a nephron |
| dialysis | a treatment for kidney failure; a machine removes wastes from the blood |
