| A | B |
|---|
| solution | homogeneous mixture that remains constantly and uniformly mixed and has particles that are so small they cannot be seen with a microscope |
| solute | in a solution, the substance being dissolved |
| solvent | in a solution, the substance in which the solute is dissolved |
| polar | having separated positive and negative areas; polar materials attract water molecules and dissolve easily in water |
| solubility | maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent at a given temperature |
| saturated solution | any solution that contains all the solute it can hold at a given temperature |
| unsaturated solution | any solution that can dissolve more solute at a given temperature |
| supersaturated solution | any solution that contains more solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature |
| ion | charged particle that has either more or fewer electrons than protons |
| electrolyte | compound that breaks apart in water, forming charged particles (ions) that can conduct electricity |
| nonelectrolyte | substance that does not ionize in water and cannot conduct electricity |
| ionization | process in which electrolytes dissolve in water and separate into charged particles |
| dissociation | process in which an ionic compound separates into its positive and negative ions |
| nonpolar | not having separated positive and negative areas; nonpolar materials do not attract water molecules and do not dissolve easily in water |
