| A | B |
|---|
| Federalists | Those who supported ratification of the Constitution |
| Anti-Federalists | Those who opposed ratification of the Constitution |
| Nine | The number of states needed to ratify the Constitution |
| Articles of Confederation | The weak government replaced by the Constitution |
| The Federalists Papers | essays written to advocate ratification of the Constitution |
| Preamble | statement of the general purpose of the Government |
| Constitution | a written plan for the government to operate |
| Popular Sovereignty | People are the only source of governmental power |
| Limited Government | the government may only do what people have granted permission to do |
| Separation of Powers | division of government into three branches |
| Legislative | Branch that makes the laws |
| Executive | Branch that enforces and carries out laws |
| Judicial | Branch that interprets and applies the law |
| Checks and Balances | Each branch exercises controls and limits the others |
| Federalism | division of power between the state and national government |
| Judicial Review | power of the courts to declare a government act unconstitutional |
| Marbury v. Madison | court case that established judicial review |
| Article I | establishes the bicameral legislative branch |
| bicameral | describes the two-house legislature |
| Article II | estableshes the executive branch |
| Article III | creates the Supreme Court and empowers Congress to establish lower courts |
| Amendment | a formal change to the Constitution |
| 27 | the number of amendments added to the Constitution |
| Article V | established the national amendment procedure |
| two-thirds | the type of vote at the national level to propose an amendment |
| three-fourths | the number of states required to ratify an amendment |
| ratify | final approval of a document |
