| A | B |
|---|
| endocrine gland | produces and releases chemical substances that signal changes in other parts of the body |
| hormone | a chemical substance produced by an endocrine gland |
| hypothalamus | an edocrine gland located in the brain; part of the nervous and endocrine systems |
| pituitary gland | a pea-sized endocrine gland in the brain tha releases hormones |
| puberty | the period of sexual development during which a person becomes sexually mature and physically able to reproduce |
| sperm | male reproductive cells |
| fertilization | process in which a sperm cell joins with an egg |
| testes | male reproductive glands |
| testosterone | sex hormone that affects the production of sperm and signals certain phsycal changes at puberty |
| scrotum | sac of skin that contains the testes |
| penis | external sexual organ through which sperm leave the body |
| semen | the mixture of sperm cells and fluids produced by the prostate and other glands |
| ejaculation | the ejection of semen from the penis |
| infertility | a condition of being unable to reproduce |
| ova | female reproductive cell; also called egg |
| ovaries | female reproductive glands that produce the eggs |
| estrogen | sex hormone that activates certain physical changes at puberty and controls the maturation of eggs |
| progesterone | activates changes to a woman's reproductive system before and during pregnancy |
| ovulation | monthly process in which one of the ovaries releases a ripened egg |
| fallopian tubes | passageways that carry eggs away from the ovaries |
| uterus | a hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ in which a fertilized egg can develop and grow |
| vagina | birth canal; hollow muscular passage leading from the uterus to the outside of the body |
| menstrual cycle | the process in which a woman produces one mature egg each month |
| menopause | time of life when ovaries slow down their hormone production and no longer release mature eggs |
| Pap smear | a sample of cells is taken from the cervix and examined under a microscope; help detect cervical cancer |
| mammogram | an X-ray of the breast that can help detect breast cancer |
| heredity | the passing on, of transmission, of biological traits from parent to child |
| chromosome | tiny structures found within cells that carry information about the characteristics you will inherit |
| gene | a section of a chromosome that determines or affects a characteristic, or trait |
| genetic disorder | caused by the inheritance of an abnormal gene of chromosome |
