| A | B |
|---|
| diffusion | the movement or particles from an area of high concentraion to an area of low concentraion. Does not require energy. |
| osmosis | the diffusion of water through the cell membrane |
| passive transport | the diffusion of particles through(which means it doesn't take energy) the proteins. Particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| active transport | the movment of particles from an area of low concentraion to an area of high concentration. Take energy. |
| endocytosis | - the cell membrane surrounds a particle and encloses it in a vesicle. This is how large particles such as other cells, can be brought into the cell |
| exocytosis | when a large particle must be removed from the cell, the cell uses ectocytosis. Vesicles are formed at the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi Complex and carry particles to the cell membrane. The cell releases the particles into its environment. |
| photosynthesis | the process by which plants make food by capturing energy from the sun. |
| cellular respiration | breaking down of food molecules to release stored energy. Oxygen is used during cellular respiration. |
| fermentation | breaking down of food molecules to release stored energy but oxygen is not used. |
| cell cycle | begins when the cell is formed and ends when the cell divides and forms new cells |
| chromosome | DNA is organized into these structures |
| binary fission | how bacteria cells divide. It is a very simple process of cell division |
| homologous chromosomes | pairs of similar chromosomes |
| chromatids | after chromosomes are duplicated the two copies are called known as this |
| centromeres | Chromatids are held together at a this region |
| mitosis | the second stage of cell division. This is when the chromosomes separate |
| cytokinesis | once mitosis is complete and the chromosomes have divided the cytoplasm splits in two. That is called this word. |
