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Organelles and their Functions/pre-AP

AB
Ribosomessite of protein synthesis
Golgi apparatusfolded membranes that store and transports enzymes and hormones, also produces cell wall in plants.
Cytoplasmjelly-like material surrounding the nucleus of the cell.
NucleusControl center of the cell.
NucleolusSite of ribosome synthesis
Nuclear membraneSurrounds the nucleus.
Cell membranemembrane surrounding the organelles and the cytoplasm of the cell. Controls what enters and leaves the cell.
MitochondriaThe site of cellular respiration or energy production. Membrane bound. Powerhouse of the cell.
Rough Endoplasmic ReticulumForms a link between the nuclear membrane and the cell. Ribosomes are attached to the surface. Proteins are synthesized in the ribosomes and enclosed in the vessicles and sent to the Golgi.
VacuoleSite of storage of glucose, water salts, and toxic substances.
Cell wallPlant, fungal, and bacteria have a cell wall that is used for support and protection. It is composed of cellulose.
ChloroplastSite of photosynthesis in the plant and algal cell.
Smooth Endoplasmic ReticulumIt forms a link between the nuclear membrane and the cell. Site of many metabolic reactions and synthesis of phospholipids and fatty acids.
LysosomeContain enzymes needed for digesting food, viruses, bacteria and old cells.
CentriolesNot normally found in plant cells. They are found in animal cells in pairs and are necessary for cell division.
CytoskeletonNetwork of microtubules and microfilaments used for support and movement of the cell.
ChromatinHereditary material in the cell.
MicrotubuleServe as structural components within cells and are involved in many cellular processes including mitosis and cytokinesis.
MicrofilamentThese form the cytoskeleton, a three-dimensional network inside an eukaryotic cell.
MicrobodyMembrane bound cytoplasmic particles that are specialized as containers for metabolic activity (ex. lysosome)
PlasmodesmaSmall pores in the cell wall which appear toallow a bridge of cytoplasm from one cell to the next.
ChromoplastPlastids that produce and store pigments for color.
PlastidResponsible for photosynthesis, storage of products like starch and for the synthesis of many classes of molecules such as fatty acids.


Biology Teacher
Carroll High School

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