| A | B |
|---|
| Block Grants | Grants of money from the national government that states can spend within broad guidelines determined by Washington. |
| Conditions of Aid | Terms set by the national government that states must meet if they are to recieve certain federal funds. |
| Devolution | The effort to transfer responsibility for many public programs and services from the federal government to the states. |
| Dual Federalism | A constitutional theory that the national government and the state government each have defined areas of authority. |
| Grants-in-aid | Money given by the national government to the states. |
| Initiative | Process that permits voters to put legislative measures directly on the ballot. |
| Mandates | Terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept federal grants. |
| Necessary and Proper Clause | Section of the Constitution allowing Congress to pass all laws "necessary and proper" to its duties, and which has permitted Congress to exercise powers not specifically given to it (enumerated) by the Constitution. |
| Nullification | The doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that, in state's opinion, violates the Constitution. |
| Police Power | The power of a government to effect laws the promote citizens' health, safety, and morals. |
| Recall | Procedure whereby voters can remove an elected official from office. |
| Referendum | Procedure enabling voters to reject a measure passed by the legislature. |
