| A | B |
|---|
| taxonomy | discipline of classifying organisms and assigning each organism a universally accepted name |
| binomial nomenclature | classification system in which each species is assigneda two-part scientific name |
| genus | group of closely related species, and teh first part of the scientific name in binomial nomeclature |
| taxon | group or level of organization into which organisms are classified |
| family | group of genera that share many characteristics |
| order | group of similar families |
| class | group of similar orders |
| phylum | group of closely related classes |
| kingdom | large taxonomic group, consisting of closely related phyla |
| phylogeny | the study of evolutionary relationships among organisms |
| evalutionary classification | method of grouping organisms together according to their evolutionary history |
| derived character | characteristic that appears in recent parts of a lineage, but not in its older members |
| cladogram | diagram that shows teh evolutionary relationships amng a group of organisms |
| molecular clock | model that uses DNA comparisons to estimate the length of time that two species have been evolving independently |
| domain | most inclusive taxonomic category |
| bacteria | domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls containing peptidoglycan |
| eubacteria | kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan |
| archaea | domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls that do not contain peptidoglycan |
| archaeabacteria | kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell wals do not contain peptidoglycan |
| eukarya | domain of all organisms whose cells have nuclei, including protist |
