| A | B |
|---|
| climate | typical weather for a given location over many years |
| weather | state of the atmosphere at a given place and time |
| atmosphere | 21% oxygen, 78% nitrogen, 1% trace gases |
| air pressure | weight of the atmosphere on Earth's surface |
| isobars | lines of equal pressure on a weather map |
| tornado | funnel-shaped column; extends from cloud base to Earth |
| hurricane | tropical storm; winds 75 mph or greater; driven by ocean heat |
| saturated | air that cannot hold any more water vapor |
| cloud | condensed water droplets |
| cirrus | thin, feathery cloud; icy; high altitude |
| cumulus | puffy, white cloud; thunderstorms |
| stratus | flat, layered cloud; steady rain |
| radiation | energy transfer through waves |
| conduction | energy transfer through direct contact |
| convection | energy transfer through density differences |
| precipitation | water droplets that fall to the ground |
| evaporation | change in state from liquid to gas; requires heat |
| condensation | change in state from gas to liquid; gives off heat |
| dew point | temperature at which water vapor condenses |
| condensation nucleii | surface that allows water vapor to condense; dust, salt, or smoke |
| relative humidity | ratio of amount of water vapor in the air compared to how much it can hold at a given temperature |
| air mass | large body of air with similar temperature and moisture |
| front | boundary between 2 air masses |
| greenhouse effect | gases in the atmosphere trap heat |
| Coriolis effect | moving objects turn to the right/left due to Earth's rotation |
| troposphere | lowest layer of the atmosphere; weather occurs here |
| stratosphere | 2nd layer of the atmosphere; contains the ozone layer |
| mesosphere | 3rd layer of the atmosphere; coldest temperatures |
| thermosphere | 4th layer of the atmosphere; contains the ionosphere |
| ozone layer | O3; absorbs ultraviolet radiation |
| psychrometer | instrument used to measure relative humidity |
| barometer | instrument used to measure air pressure |
| cyclone | low pressure system; rotates counterclockwise |
| anticyclone | high pressure system; rotates clockwise |
| CFC's | compounds that destroy ozone in the upper atmosphere |
