| A | B |
|---|
| shoreline | place where the land and a body of water meet |
| wave trains | a group of traveling waves |
| sea cliffs | steep slopes made by waves eroding and undercutting rock |
| surf | breaking waves |
| wave period | time interval between breaking waves |
| sea stacks | offshore columns of rock that were part of the mainland |
| sea arches | form when waves erode through a sea cave |
| sea caves | waves cut large holes into weak rocks along the base of sea cliffs |
| headlands | finger shaped projections made when rock erodes |
| wave-cut terraces | form when a sea cliff is worn back and produces a platform |
| longshore current | water pattern that moves the sand in a zigzag pattern along the shore |
| sandbar | underwater or exposed ridge of sand, gravel, or shell material |
| beach | any area of the shoreline that is made of material deposited by waves |
| barrier spit | exposed sandbar connected to the mainland |
| barrier island | long, narrow island made of sand that forms parallel to the shoreline |
| saltation | the movement of sand or other sediment by jumps and bounces that is caused by wind or water |
| deflation | wind erosion; dry soil particles are blown away |
| deflation hollows | depressions in the landscape |
| desert pavement | surface consisting of pebbles and small rocks |
| abrasion | the grinding and wearing away of rock surfaces by mechanical means |
| loess | very fine sediment deposited by the wind |
| dunes | mounds of wind deposited sand |
| slip face | steeply sloped side of a sand dune |
| glacier | large mass of moving ice |
| alpine glacier | forms in mountainous areas; also called a valley glacier |
| continental glacier | huge, continuous masses of ice |
| horns | sharp, pyramid shaped peaks formed when cirques erode a mountain |
| cirques | bowl shaped depressions formed by glacial ice |
| aretes | jagged ridges formed between two cirques |
| u-shaped valleys | glacier erodes a river valley into the shape of an u. |
| hanging valleys | form waterfalls |
| glacial drift | describes all material carried and deposited by glaciers |
| till | unsorted rock material |
| moraines | most common till deposit; form ridges along the edges of glaciers |
| terminal moraines | sediment dropped at the front of a glacier |
| ground moraines | unsorted materials left beneath a glacier |
| stratified drift | glacial deposit that is sorted into layers |
| mass movement | a movement of a section of land downslope |
| angle of repose | the steepest angle at which material will NOT fall downslope |
| rockfall | when loose rocks fall down a steep slope |
| landslide | sudden and rapid movement of a large amount of material downslope |
| slump | the most common type of landslide; material moves over a curved surface |
| mudflow | large amount of soil and rock mixes with water |
| lahar | mudflow of volcanic origin |
| creep | extremely slow movement of material downhill |
