| A | B |
|---|
| Biology means the study of | life |
| What are the building blocks of all matter? | atoms |
| The nucleus of an atom is made up of ____ and ____ | protons and neutrons |
| Electrons have a ___ charge | negative |
| Protons have a ___ charge | positive |
| Neutrons have a ___ charge | neutral (no) charge |
| Which type of particle orbits the nucleus? | electrons |
| Positive charges are attracted to ____ charges | negative |
| Positive charges are repelled by ____ charges | positive |
| Negative charges are repelled by ____ charges | negative |
| An electron would be attracted to a _____ | proton |
| The large center region of an atom is called the ___ of the atom | nucleus |
| Each element is different because they have a different number of ____. | protons |
| All of the elements are listed in the ____. | periodic table |
| The ____ is equal to the number of protons in an atom. | atomic number |
| The number of protons + the number of neutrons is equal to the ____ | mass number |
| The mass number is equal to the | number of protons and neutrons |
| The atomic number is equal to the number of ____ in an atom | protons |
| The number below the chemical symbol on the periodic table that has a few decimal places is known as the ____. | average atomic mass |
| If an element has a mass # of 23 and an atomic # of 11, how many protons will it have? Neutrons? | 11 protons and 12 neutrons |
| The most abundant element in Earth's atmosphere is ___. | Nitrogen (= 77% of the atmosphere) |
| The most abundant element in the universe as well as our bodies is called ___. | hydrogen |
| The element that forms the backbone of organic molecules is ___. | carbon |
| Two or more elements bond together to form ____. | compounds |
| A compound which has bonds formed by sharing electrons is called a ___. | molecule (technically, a molecule like oxygen which is made of two oxygen atoms is also a molecule because it is held together with covalent bonds, but it is not a compound because it does not have two or more different elements in it) |
| How many oxygen atoms are in H20? | One (there are two hydrogens) |
| What is the chemical formula for a molecule of glucose? | C6H12O6 (the numbers should be subscripts) |
| In a chemical equation, the _____ are on the left side of the arrow. | reactants |
| In a chemical equation, the ___ are on the right side of the arrow. | products |
| The process of using energy from the sun to make food molecules like glucose is called ____. | photosynthesis, 
|
| What are the products of photosynthesis?,
| food (usually glucose) and oxygen |
| What are the reactants of photosynthesis?,
| water and carbon dioxide |
| Which two molecules are needed for photosynthesis to occur?,
| water and carbon dioxide,
|
| What are the waste products of cellular respiration?,
| carbon dioxide and water,
|
| What are the reactants of cellular respiration?,
| oxygen and glucose |
| Glucose is a type of ____. | sugar |
| A reaction that gives off energy (loses energy) is called an _____ reaction | exothermic,
|
| A reaction that requires more energy than it gives off is called an ___ reaction. | endothermic,
|
| Cellular respiration is an example of an ___ reaction,
| exothermic reaction,
|
| Burning wood is an example of an ____ reaction. | exothermic,
|
| Photosynthesis is an example of an ___ reaction.,
| endothermic,
|
| Atoms or molecules that become charged because they gain or lose electrons are called ___. | ions |
| A negatively charged ion would be ____ by another negatively charged ion. | repelled |
| A positively charged ion would be ____ by another positively charged ion. | repelled |
| A negatively charged ion would be ___ by a positively charged ion. | attracted |
| A uniform mixture of substances is know as a ___. | solution |
| In a glass of salt water, the ___ would be the solvent. | water |
| In a glass of salt water, the ___ would be the solute. | salt |
| In a solution of sugar and water, the sugar would be the ___. | solute |
| In a solution of sugar and water, the water would be the _____. | solvent |
| Acidic solutions have a pH that is ____ seven. | below |
| Basic solutions have a pH that is ___ seven. | above |
| Distilled water has a pH of ___. | seven |
| A liquid with a pH of 1 would be described as being ___. | strongly acidic |
| A liquid with a pH of 6 would be described as being ___. | weakly acidic |
| A liquid with a pH of 8 would be described as being ___. | weakly basic |
| A liquid with a pH of 13 would be described as being ___. | strongly basic |
| As temperature ____, particles move faster and faster | increases |
| As temperature ____ particles move slower and slower. | decreases |
| Increasing the ___ or ___ of the reactants will cause a reaction to speed up. | temperature, concentration |
| A(n) ______ is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being changed by the reaction. | catalyst,
|
| A biological catalyst is known as ____.,
| an enzyme,
|
