| A | B |
|---|
| Sir Francis Drake | English adventurer, attacked Spanish ships and ports. Was knighted by Queen Elizabeth. |
| Sir Walter Raleigh | Earned right from Queen of England to claim land in N. America. Made a settlement on Roanoke Island. |
| Roanoke | Deserted settlement of the British off the coast of N.Carolina. |
| charters | document granting the right to organize setttlements in area. |
| joint-stock company | investors buy stock, or part ownership in return for a share of its future profits. |
| Captain John Smith | experience explorer who forced the settlers to work, explored Jamestown area and sought corn from natives. |
| Pocahontas | The daughter of Chief Powhatan. |
| expanded | extended, enlarged |
| headright | land grant |
| House of Burgesses | First met in 1619, was the first representative democracy in the Americas. |
| Burgesses | representatives of the colony's towns, could make laws for the colony. |
| Patroons | landowners who acquired estates ruled like kings. |
| Duke of York | Brother of King Charles II renamed land New York. |
| proprietary colony | colony in which the owner owned all the land and controlled the government. |
| ethnic | cultural group |
| William Penn | wealthy English Quaker received land and named it pennsylvania. |
| Quakers | Society of Friends, believed everyone was equal. |
| Pacifists | people who refuse to use force or to fight in wars. |
| functioned | operated |
| Philadelphia | "City of Brotherly Love". |
| dissented | disagreed |
| Puritans | Protestants who wanted to reform the Anglican Church. |
| Separatists | Those who wanted to leave and set up their own churches. |
| Pilgrims | The Separatists felt their journey was for a religious purpose they made a pilgrimage. |
| Mayflower | Ship with 102 passengers, 35 were separatists. |
| William Bradford | Leader and historian of the Pilgrims. |
| Mayflower Compact | Pilgrim's formal document that pledged loyalty to England, form of representative government. |
| Squanto | Native who befriended the colonists in Plymouth. |
| John Winthrop | Mass. Bay Company's first governor. Settled in a place called Boston. |
| Great Migration | During 1630s more than 15,000 Puritans journeyed to Mass. to escape persecution of England. |
| Fundamental Orders of Connecticut | First written constitution in America. |
| Roger Williams | Settled a colony called Rhode Island in 1644. |
| policy | plan of action |
| Metacomet | Wampanoag chief, known as King Philip wanted to stop settlers on Native lands. |
| indentured servants | To pay for passage to the Americas, people agreed to work without pay or a certain time period. |
| Sir George Calvert, Lord Baltimore | Wanted a safe place for Catholics, named it Maryland. |
| estates | pieces of land |
| Nathaniel Bacon | Young planter in Virginia opposed the colonial governnment because it wouldn't allow settlement in the West on Native Lands |
| Bacon's Rebellion | Showed that settlers would not be limited to the coast. |
| John Locke | English philosopher |
| constitution | plan of government |
| James Oglethorpe | Received a charter for a colony of debtors or poor people. |
| debtors | people who were not able to pay their bills. |
| Louis Joilet | French fur trader |
| Jacques Marquette | French priest explored Mississippi River |
| Rene-Robert Cavelier/Sieur de La Salle | followed the Mississippi River all the way to the Gulf of Mexico. Claimed it for France.Named it Louisiana |
| tenant farmers | settlers paid their lord an annual rent and work for a fixed number of days each year. |
| Missions | Spanish priests built strings of religious settlements. |
