| A | B |
|---|
| Standard Precautions | Used for the care of all residents when contact with blood or body fluids is likely |
| Blood and body fluids include the following: | Blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions except for sweat, mucous membranes, non - intact skin |
| Standard precautions include: | Washing hands, wearing gloves, PPE, needle and sharps precautions, cleaning blood spills, contaminated items, disposale of biohazard waste, handling of laboratory specimens |
| Airborne Precautions | A transmission based precaution used to control the spread of small pathogens that remain suspended in the air. |
| Airborne Pathogens | These pathogens are capable of traveling in the air over long distances |
| HEPA mask or B95 or PFR 95 Respirator | Type of mask used for Airborne Precautions |
| Room for Airborne Precautions | Private isolation room with special ventilation. Door is kept closed. |
| Contact Precautions | Controls the spread by direct or indirect contact with pathogens and parasites |
| Types of contact pathogens and parasites | MRSA, Lice, Scabies |
| PPE for contact precautions | Always gloves; gown if clothing will have contact with resident or environment |
| Droplet Precautions | Transmission based precaution used to control infections spread by large droplets in the air from coughing, sneezing and talking |
| Droplet Precautions | If this type of transmission based precaution is ordered the nurse should wear a mask if working within 3 feet of the resident |
| Droplets | do not travel more than 3 feet and do not remain suspended in the air |
| Diseases caused by droplet infections | Measles, flu, colds, chicken pox |
| Hepatitis | Blood borne disease that may lead to serious liver damage |
| HIV | Blood borne virus that leads to immune system damage |
| Tuberculosis (TB) | This disease usually affects the lungs but may occur anywhere in the body |
| Tuberculosis | Use Airborne Precaution with this disease |
| Drug resistant organisms | germs that cannot be killed by the usual antibiotics and are difficult to treat |
| MRSA | Methicillin Resistant Staph - a drug resistant organism common in health care facilities |
| VRA | Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus - A drug resistant organism found in the gastrointestinal system |
| Pneumonia | An inflammation and infection of lung tissue |
| Cystitis | A bladder infection |
| Pyleonephritis | A kidney infection |
| Hepatitis A | Inflammation of the liver caused by a virus and spread by fecal - oral route |
| Hepatitis B | An inflammation of the liver caused by a virus and spread by blood and body fluids |
| Pediculosis | Infestation with lice |
| Scabies | Highly contagious skin disorder caused by a female mite (itch mite) |
| Nosocomial Infection | An infection acquired after hospitalization |
| Normal Flora | Microorganisms that live within the body to produce natural immunity by competing with disease producing organisms |
| Opportunistic Infection | An infection caused by normally non-pathogenic organisms in a person whose resistance has been decreased |
| Hand Hygiene | The single most important measure in the prevention and control of infection |
| Chain of Infection | A connective chain which demonstrates when infections can occur |
| Microbe | A microorganism |
| Biohazard Waste | Items contaminated with blood, body fluids, secretions and excretions |
| Medical Asepsis | Clean Technique - practice this technique to remove or destroy pathogens and prevent spreading |
| Surgical Asepsis | Sterile practices which prevent the spread ofmicrobes |
| Sterile | Absence of all microbes |
| OBRA | A federal law concerned with the quality of life, health, and safety of residents |
| HIPAA | A federal law that applies to privacy, confidentiality and medical records |
| Feedback | Confirmation that a message was received as intended when communicating. |
| Body Language | The use of facial expression, body position, and vocal inflections to convey a message. |
| Verbal Communication | Communication in which words are used. The most common type of communication. |
| Nonverbal Communication | Communication in which a message is sent through the use of one's body, rather than through speech or writing. |
| The data section of a written nurses note | DAR - D |
| Th action section of a written nurses note | DAR - A |
| The response section of a written nurses note | DAR - R |
| Bloodborne Pathogen | A disease causing organism that is present in the blood. |
| Aphasia | The inability to speak |
| Expressive Aphasia | Difficulty expressing or sending out thoughts |
| Expressive - Receptive Aphasia | Difficulty expressing or sending out thoughts and difficulty receiving information. |
| Receptive Aphasia | Difficulty receiving information. |
| Define problem; collect information; Identify solutions; Select best option; Carry out solution; Evaluate results. | List the Problem Solving Steps |
| Disinfection | The process of destroying most pathogens |
| Sterilization | The process of destroying all pathogens |
| Cross Contamination | The mixing of clean and dirty. |
| Create a comfortable, relaxing atmosphere | Goal of Social Communication |
| To conduct a question and answer period | Goal of Interviewing |
| To help facilitate learning and understanding. | Goal of teaching |
| To accurately communicate the facts. | Goal of Reporting |
| Goal Directed. | Type of Communication in Nursing |
| Local Infection | An infection located in a certain body part |
| Systemic Infection | An infection that involves the whole body |
