| A | B |
|---|
| traits | physical characteristics that are studied in genetics |
| genes | factors that control traits |
| hybrid (heterozygous) | organism that has two different alleles for a trait |
| TT | two dominant alleles (homozygous genotype) |
| Tt | one dominant and one recessive allele (heterozygous genotype) |
| tt | two recessive alleles (homozygous genotype) |
| genotype | allele combination (or genetic makeup)for a trait |
| Punnett Squares | show all of the possible outcomes of a genetic cross |
| phenotype | organism's physical appearance (tall, short, black, white, etc.) |
| homozygous | having two identical alleles |
| codominance | the alleles are neither dominant nor recessive |
| P Generation | original parents of a genetic cross |
| F1 Generation | first offspring resulting from a genetic cross |
| F2 Generation | offspring resulting from crossing two F1 organisms |
| probability | the likelihood that a particular event will occur |
| Colorblind | a recessive sex-linked gene |
| Normal Vision | a dominant sex-linked gene |
| multiple alleles | where there are 3 or more forms of a gene |
| Blood Type | a trait controlled by multiple alleles |
| Height and Skin Color | traits controlled by many genes |
| XX | female genotype |
| XY | male genotype |
