| A | B |
|---|
| Calorie | measures energy stored in foods |
| carbohydrate | main source of energy |
| fat | lipid; made of fatty acids & glycerol |
| protein | made of amino acids; needed for growth, repair, & to make up enzymes |
| vitamin | organic molecule that helps regulate body processes |
| mineral | inorganic nutrient needed by the body |
| amylase | enzyme in saliva; breaks down bonds in starches |
| peristalsis | muscular contractions that help move food |
| stomach | muscular sac that functions in mechanical & chemical digestion |
| peptic ulcer | hole in stomach wall |
| chyme | undigested food & stomach fluids |
| small intestine | most chemical digestions takes place here |
| pancreas | produces hormones to regulate blood sugar; produces enzymes & sodium bicarbonate |
| liver | large organ that produces bile |
| villus | folded projections in the intestines that provide surface area for absorption |
| large intestine | removes water from undigested material |
| kidney | organ that removes urea, excess water, & other wastes from blood |
| ureter | carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder |
| urinary bladder | sac-like organ storing urine |
| nephron | small, blood-filtering unit of a kidney |
| glomerulus | network of capillaries in the nephron |
| Bowman's capsule | cupshaped; surrounds the glomerulus |
| filtration | process by which materials are removed from blood in the Bowman's capsule |
| reabsorption | material from the Bowman's capsule is returned to blood |
| loop of Henle | conserves water & minimizes the volume of urine |
| urethra | tube through which urine & semen leave the body |
