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| Culture Shock | A psychological disorientation experienced when attempting to operate in a radically different cultural environment. |
| Language | A symbolic system of sounds that, when put together according to a certain set of rules, conveys meanings to its speakers. |
| Closed Systems of Communication | Commication systems that cannot create new sounds or words by combining two or more existing sounds or words. |
| Open Systems of Communication | Systems of communication that can create new sounds or words by combining two or more existing sounds or words. |
| Phonology | The study of a language's sound system |
| Morphology | The study of the rules governing how morphemes are turned into words. |
| Morphemes | The minimal linguistic forms (usually words) that convey meaning. |
| Syntax | The linguistic rules, found in all languages, that determine how phrases and sentences are constructed |
| Grammar | The systematic ways that sounds are combined in any given language to send and receive meaningful utterances. |
| Diglossia | The situation in which two forms of the same language are spoken by people in the same language community depending on the social situation. |
| Euphemism | a word or phrase that is designed to avoid a harsh or distastful reality. |
| Jargon | The specialized language of a trade, profession, or similar group. |
| Inflated Language | language designed to make the ordinary seem extraordinary, the common, uncommon; to make everyday things seem impressive; to give an air of importance to people, stiuations, or things that would not normally be considered important; to make the simple seem complex. |
| Economics | The academic discipline that studies systems of production, distribution and consumption, most typically in the industrialized world. |
| Agriculture production | A form of food productiong that requires intensive working of the land with plows and draft animals and the use of techniques of soil and water control. |
| Industrialization | A process resulting in the economic change from home production of goods to large-scale mechanized factory produciton. |
| What is economic anthropology? | A branch of the discipline of anthropology that looks at systems of production, distributin and consumption most often in the nonindustrialized world. |
| Who are the formalists? | Thoes economic anthropologists who suggest that the ideas of Western economics can be applied to any economic situation |
| Reciprocity | A mode of distribution characterized by the exchange of goods and services that have approcimately equal value betwen parties. |
| Emic view | A perspective in ethnograhpy that uses the concepts and categories that are relevant and meaningful to the culture under analysis. |
| Etic view | A perspective in ethnography that uses the oncepts and categories of the anthropologist's culture to describe another culture. |
| Redistribution | A form of economic exchange in which goods (and services) are given by members of a group to a central authority (such as a chief) and then distributed back to the donors, usually in the form of a feast. |
| Tribute | The giving of goods (usually food) to a chief as a visible symbol of the people's allegiance. |
| Big men/big women | Self-made leaders, found widely in Melanesia and New Guinea, who gain prominence by convincing their followers to contribute excess food to provide lavish feasts for the followers of other big men or big women |
| Bridewealth | The transfer of goods from the groom's lineage to the bride's lineage to legitimize marriage. |
| Potlatch | A form of competitive giveaway found among the Northwest Coast American Indians that serves as a mechanism for both achieving social status and distributing goods. |
