| A | B |
|---|
| James Watt | invented efficient steam engine |
| Henry Bessemer | invented process to make steel cheap |
| Eli Whitney | invented cotton gin (cotton cheap) |
| Replaces cottage industry | factory system |
| cottage industry | make textiles at home |
| factory system | products made fast and cheap |
| enclosure movement | British close off common lands |
| effects of enclosure movement | many poor farmers move to cities for work |
| three top industries during Ind. Rev. | steel, iron, cotton textile, |
| industrialization creates need for | raw materials (in Asia/Africa) |
| European powers want to access | new markets to sell factory goods |
| Great Britain | industrial revolution starts here |
| key British resources | coal and iron ore |
| Edward Jenner | developed smallpox vaccine |
| Louis Pasteur | discovered bacteria |
| urbanization | cities grow (factories) |
| standard of living | how much people can buy increases |
| labor union | formed to improve working conditions |
| transportation improves | steam ships and better roads lowers trade costs |
| environmental pollution | negative effect of industrialization |
| Effects of child labor laws | lead to schools (education) |
| middle class grows | factory owners and managers make more money |
| Cotton gin increased this | demand for slave labor |
| British and U.S. outlaw this | slave trade, then slavery |
| Benefits of child labor | kept costs low, profits high |
| factories | had harsh working conditions |
| men compete against for wages | women and children |
| controled lives of laborers (workers) | factory and mine owners |
| family based (home) industry | cottage industry |
