| A | B |
|---|
| Who was the new president after the Civil War? | Andrew Johnson |
| Why was President Johnson impeached? | charged with "high crimes and misdemeanors"-he fired a cabinet secretary |
| What were the Reconstruction plans after the Civil War? | take an oath of loyalty to United States, had to agree that African-Americans were not longer slaves-Lincoln and Johnson did not want to punish the South |
| What was the original goal of the KKK? | to drive out the Union soldiers from the South, promote the Democratic Party, & used violence and intimidation against African Americans |
| Who are carpetbaggers? | Northerners who moved the the South after the Civil War and supported Republicans |
| Who were the Scalawags? | Southerners who supported Republican's reconstruction of the South |
| What is a sharecropper? | paid rent in crops |
| What is the process used to determine if an elected official should be removed from office? | impeachment |
| What was the process by which Southern states were to come back into the Union after the war? | Reconstruction |
| What was the main conflict between Presidents Lincoln and Johnson and Congress over Reconstruction? | the presidents wanted a moderate policy toward the South by granting pardons to Southern citizens & restoring Southern states to the Union, Congress wanted a harsh policy |
| What was the South's condition after the Civil War? | state of collapse, value of land had fallen, Confederate money was worthless, 2/3 of transportation system in ruins, agricultural system in chaos because slaves had been freed |
| How did the black codes prevent African Americans from achieving equality? | kept African-Americans in a condition similar to slavery by requiring annual labor contracts, African-American children must accept apprenticeships and could be whipped/beaten, set specific work hours, required licenses to work in nonargricultural jobs |
| How did African Americans seek to improve their lives once they gained their freedom? | entering politics, gain an education, establish their own communities, establishing their own churches(serve as schools, hosted social events, political gatherings) |
| What supposedly were the provisions of the Compromise of 1877? | Southern Democrats joined with Republicans in the Democrat controlled House of Representatives and voted to accept the commission's(15 people from the House, Senate, & Supreme Court) findings, electing Hayes-if a promise was made by Republicans to pull federal troops from the South(troops were pulled from the South) |
| What motivated Radical Republicans to pass civil rights legislation on behalf of African Americans? | giving African-Americans the right to vote would help Republicans win elections and keep control of Congress |
| Who was Thaddeus Stevens? | a Radical Republican and Representative from Pennsylvania that did not want to reconcile with the South |
| What role did Thaddeus Stevens play in Reconstruction? | supported the 14th Amendment |
| When was the Ku Klux Klan formed? | started in 1866 by former Confederate soldiers in Tennessee |
| What did President Johnson do that convinced Congress that he was not carrying out the laws Congress had passed for Reconstruction? | refusing to uphold the Tenure of Office Act by removing four commanders in the Southern military districts who supported Republicans |
| What was the goal of the Tenure of Office Act? | required the Senate to approve the removal of any government official whose appointment had required the Senate's consent |
| What constitutional amendments were Southern states asked to ratify before they could reenter the Union? | 13th and 14th amendments |
| What tactics did Southern Democrats use to try to regain political power? | appealed to white racism, defining the elections as a struggle between whites and African Americans, & election fraud(stuffing ballot boxes, bribes, stealing ballot boxes) |
| Why did the end of slavery not bring about equality for African Americans? | they did not have the right to vote or to citizenship |
| Why did African Americans in the 1870s lose some of the political power that they had gained during Reconstruction? | due to the rise of the Democrats in Congress whom were not concerned with changing society in the South |
| Who were the "Black Republicans"? | enslaved people who now held political offices in the South |
| What were the main features of Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction? | general amnesty(or pardon) to all Southerners who took an oath of loyalty to the United States and accepted the abolishment of slavery |
| What did the 14th Amendment do? | African American citizenship |
| What did the 15th Amendment do? | African Americans allowed to vote |
| What were slaves called after the Civil War? | Freedmen |
| When did Reconstruction end? | with the election of President Hayes in 1877 when federal troops were pulled out of the South |
| Why did Ulysses S. Grant win several Southern states in the election of 1868? | Union troops in the South enabled African Americans to vote in large numbers |
| Who became president after the Compromise of 1877? | Rutherford B. Hayes |
| What did the 14th Amendment come from? | Civil Rights Act |
| Who did President Johnson believe was responsible for the Civil War? | the rich planter elite(Confederate officers & officials and Confederates who owned property |
