| A | B |
|---|
| Henry the Navigator | Portuguese prince who promoted exploration and better mapmaking. |
| Bartolomeu Dias | First to sail around the tip of Africa from Europe. |
| Vasco da Gama | First to sail from Europe to India. |
| Portugal | The country that turned down funding Columbus. |
| 1492 | The year of Columbus accidental "discovery". |
| Spanish motivation (the 3G's) | Gold, God, and Glory |
| Treaty of Tordesillas | The document that divided the world between Spain and Portugal. |
| Mercantilism | Economic system that encouraged and supported coloniization. |
| Amerigo Vespucci | America's namesake, he realized Columbus discovered a New World. |
| Brazil | The major Portuguese colony in the New World |
| New World | The Americas |
| Old World | Europe |
| Marquette and Joliet | French explorers of the Great Lakes and upper Mississippi |
| Conquistador | conqueror |
| Hernando Cortes | Conquered the Aztecs |
| Incas | Native American empire of the Andes |
| Andes | Mountain chain in S. America |
| John Cabot | Italian who explored for England |
| Spanish Armada | Large Spanish Navy of the late 1500's |
| St. Augustine | Spanish anti-piracy fort established in Florida |
| Columbian Exchange | The exchange of plants and animals between Europe and the Americas because of exploration and colonization |
| Invasive species | Non-native plant, animal, or microbe that causes environmental harm. |
| ecomienda | A Spanish grant of land and Native American slaves. |
| plantation | Large estate that raises cash crops |
| cash crop | A crop that is raised for the purpose of trade |
| Diego Colon | Columbus' son, first to bring African slaves to the New World |
| African Diaspora | Long period of forced removal of Africans who were then forced into slavery. |
| middle passage | The dangerous and unhealthy passage of slaves from Africa to the New World |
| Privateer | A pirate under government contract |
| missionary | A person who converts people into a religion. |
| Marco Polo | His stories about his travels to China inspired exploration of a sea rout to get there. |
| Christopher Columbus | Sought to reach Asia by crossing the Atlantic Ocean. |
| Northwest Passage | Imagined water route to get past N. America to get to Asia. |
