| A | B |
|---|
| Functions | Gas exchange |
| Acid-Base Balance | pH of ECF carefully maintained between 7-7.8 |
| Clinical Signs of Dysfunction | Coughing: response to irritation or to expel foreign material, Sneezing: response to upper airway irriatation or foreign body |
| Changes Respiration | rates, depth,ease. dyspneic cats are EXTREMELY fragile; put in oxygen before any stress, including exam, amy hear changes externally. |
| More Clinical Signs | Cyanosis, nasal discharge, exercise intolerance |
| Diagnosis | history, PE, lung ausculation and percussion increased or decreased lung sounds, crackles, wheezes |
| Clinical Pathology | CBC, aterial blood gases |
| Treatment Principles | Oxygen, control repiratory tract's reactions, cough suppressants, bronchodilators, decongestants |
| Treat the Initiating cause: | antibiotics, corticosteriodsm antiparasitics |
| FVR( Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis) | herpesvirus, highly contagious via secretions, does not last in the environment more than 24 hours. produces oral ulcers that are deep and ragged. amy cause recurrent corneal ulcers or episodes of sneezing. |
| Calicivirus | mild URI, oral ulcersm sometimes foot ulcers. shed for varying and extended periods of time in secretions |
| Chlamydophila psittaci(Feline Pneumonitis) | zoonotic!! mild URI with conjunctivitius, often persits with mouths. can diagnose with conjuctival scrapes or swabs. treat with tetracycline for at least one a month. |
| Infectious Canine Tracheobronchitis(kennel cough) | causes: viral or bacteria. highly contagious via aeroslized secretions. treated with activity restriction, anitbiotics for secondary bacterial infection as long as no pnemonia is present. normally resolves in 10-14 days |
| Collapsing Trachea | Clinical signs: honking cough, retching to clear airways of dsecretions, tachycardia. treatment: remove initiating causes andtreat symptoms, surgery is a last resort. |
| Feline Asthma | reversible airway constriction. clinical signs: occasional coughing, respiratory distress. treatment: oxygen and glucocorticoids. |
| Canine Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease | older overweight dogs with chronic cough of over 2 months duration. disease is managed not cured. |
| Pneumonia | viral aspiration, bacterial, fungal. dogs more commonly get bacterial. treat with cage rest, oxygen as needed |
| Pulmonary Edema | accumulation of fluid in the extravascular spaces of the lung |
| Pleural Effusion | fluid in the pleural spalce |
