| A | B |
|---|
| President George Washington | Term of office: 1788-1796; His two terms set the precedent for being President of the United States. He tended to shy away from the affairs of Congress. He formed the first Presidential cabinet, appointing two of the ablest men into high positions of responsibility in his cabinet. |
| Cautioned the American people to stay out of international affairs, remain isolationist, and to beware of impending bipartisanship | Message of Washington's farewell adress |
| Vice President John Adams | Because he ran second to George Washington in the 1788 and 179s, he became the nation's first Vice President, limiting himself to presiding over the senate. Prior to his term as Vice President, he was a diplomat to European nations such as France, Britain, and the Dutch Republic |
| Judiciary Act, 1789 | Created a federal court system; replaced the old system, in which the courts varied from state to state |
| Alexander Hamilton | Appointed as secretary of the treasury in 1789, when the nation's economy was in shambles. |
| Report of the Public Credit | Published in 1790 by Hamilton; submitted to Congress to provide for the payments of all debts assumed during the war. Pushed for a national bank and encouraged manufacturing through financial government protection |
| Thomas Jefferson | Washington's Secretary of State; Wanted to established reciprocal trade agreements with European nations and deny it to the British |
| Citizen Genet scandal | reason for Jefferson's resignment |
| Henry Knox | Washington's Secretary of War from 1789-1794; also the Secretary of War under the Articles of Confederation |
| Edmund Randolph | Washington's Attorney General from 1789-1794, before which he was the head of the Virginia delegation at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia and submitted the Virginia Plan |
| Tariff of 1789 | A revenue raising tariff enacted by Congress, it encouraged the people of the U.S. to manufacture earthenware, glass and other products in the home in order to avoid importation. With a duty of 8.5%, the tariff succeeded in raising much needed funds for congress |
| Bank of the U.S. | Chartered by the newly formed federal government, it was established in 1791 and was permitted by the government to issue legal tender bank notes that could be exchanged for gold. Successfully established a national currency, but the charter ended in 1811 |
| excise taxes | a fixed charge on items of consumption, usually used for revenue raising. The first was placed upon the United States in 1791, by Parliaments; it taxed all distilled spirits; led to the Whiskey Rebellion |
| Report on Manufacturers | Presented to Congress in 1791, by Alexander Hamilton, the report suggested that protective tariffs on imports from foreign lands would lead Americans to produce more in their homelands, thus building national wealth and attracting foreigners |
| Charles L'Enfant | Planned the beautiful walkways, tree lined streets, and masterfully architecture buildings of Washington D.C. |
| Residence Act | Determined that a ten mile square area for the capital of the United States would be chosen along the Potomac River along the Virginia-Maryland boarder. The area was named the District of Columbia, after Christopher Columbus, and was selected by George Washington |
| Benjamin Banneker | appointed in 1791, by President Washington to assist L'Enfant in surveying the land where the capital was to be buil |
| Whiskey Rebellion, 1794 | An organized resistance to the excise tax on whiskey in which federal revenue officials were tarred and feathered, riots were conducted, and mobs burned homes of excise inspectors. The federal militia showed its force and captured many of the protestors, but most were released |
| French Alliance of 1778 | Alliance used to convince French citizens living in United States territory to become citizens of America, and therefore to bear arms or participate in the Revolutionary War |
| French Revolution (1789-1799) | A period consisting of social and political upheaval, caused by the inability of the ruling class and clergy to solve the state's problems, the hunger of the workers, the taxation of the poor, and the American Revolution. Let to the establishment of the First French Republic and the end of the monarchy |
| Citizen Genet | Sent to the United States by the French in 1793 to find soldiers to attack British ships and conquer the territories held by the Spanish; founded the American Foreign Legion despite Washington's April 22 proclamation of American neutrality |
| Neutrality Proclamation, April 22, 1793 | Issued by President Washington, stated that the United States would remain a neutral faction in the war with France against Britain and Spain despite heavy French pressures to join their forces |
| XYZ Affair | When a commission was sent to France in 1797 in order to negotiate problems between the two countries, they were told by the French foreign minister Talleyrand that the agents X, Y, Z, three officials who did not take the process seriously, would only negotiate for a lend of 10 million to the French gov't |
| Talleyrand | French official in the XYZ affaire |
| undeclared naval war with France/ quasi-war | the undeclared conflict between France and nations lasting from 1798-1800. In the conflict, the United States managed to capture 93 French ships while France captured just one U.S. ship |
| British seizure of American ships | The Pricy Council issued a secret order on Nov 6, 1798 to confiscate any foreign ships trading with French Caribbean islands. in this decision, they seized over 250 American ships which were conducting trade with the islands |
| Royal Navy | The navy of the British empire |
| impressment | the Royal Navy's capturing of American seamen to be their soldiers |
| Rule of 1756 | The French opened colonial trade to the Dutch, who were a neutral party. British prize courts, in response, stated taht neutrals could not engage in wartime trade witha country if they were not permitted to trade with that country in times of peace |
