| A | B |
|---|
| strait | narrow water passage that links two bodies of water |
| icon | paintings of saints that are worshipped |
| patriarch | male leader of the Byzantine Christian church in Constantinople |
| Justinian | an emperor that was good at listening to everyone/married an actress/ made a code of laws |
| Constantinople | capital in Turkey/great trade route |
| schism | split in the Christian world between Byzantine and Roman Catholic beliefs |
| nomad | a person that moves from one place to another |
| prophet | a religious leader who carries God's message |
| Muhammad | Islamic prophet that shared God's message/married a wealthy widow |
| hijra | the movement of early Muslims from Mecca to what is now Medina |
| Medina | "city of the prophet" a holy city of Islam |
| Mecca | holiest Muslim city/birthplace of Mohammad |
| muezzin | a man who calls Muslims to prayer by chanting |
| mosque | Islamic house of worship |
| Ramadan | a month for fasting from sunrise to sunset |
| hajj | sacred journey to Mecca for Muslims |
| Quran | bible of Islam |
| Shiites | smaller religious group of Islamic people/believed leaders should descend from Mohammad |
| Sunnis | larger religious group/believed any holy person can lead |
| Harun ar-Rashid | the 5th caliph of the Abbassid dynasty/ruled Bagdad at height of power |
| caliph | an Islamic ruler between 600-1200 A.D. |
| patron | supporter of the arts/Caliph Harun ar-Rashid |
| tolerance | the acceptance of differences/Muslims tolerated Jews and Christians under their rule |
| Omar Khayyam | a smart mathematician and astronomer and poet |
| Mamimonides | a Spanish -born medieval jewish philosopher and teacher |
| Baghdad | capital city of present day Iraq |
| Bosporus | a narrow straight that seperates Europe and Asia |
