| A | B |
|---|
| strategic planning | long-term planning that provides broad goals and direction for the entire business |
| operational planning | short-term planning that identifies specific activities for each area of the business |
| SWOT analysis | an examination of an organization’s internal strengths and weaknesses as well as opportunities and threats from its external environment |
| mission statement | a short, specific statement of the purpose and direction of the business |
| goal | a specific statement of a result the business expects to achieve |
| schedule | a time plan for reaching objectives |
| standard | a specific measure by which something is judged |
| policies | guidelines used in making decisions regarding specific, recurring situations |
| procedure | a list of steps to be followed for performing certain work |
| organization chart | a visual device that shows the structure of an organization and the relationships among workers and divisions of work |
| responsibility | the obligation to do an assigned task |
| authority | the right to make decisions about work assignments and to require other employees to perform assigned tasks |
| empowerment | the authority given to individual employees to solve problems they encounter on their jobs with the resources available to them |
| accountability | the obligation to accept responsibility for the outcomes of assigned tasks |
| unity of command | means that no employee has more than one supervisor at a time |
| span of control | the number of employees that any one manager supervises directly |
| line organization | all authority and responsibility may be traced in a direct line from the top executive down to the lowest employee level in the organization |
| line-and-staff organization | the addition of staff specialists to a line organization |
| matrix organization | combines workers into temporary work teams to complete specific projects |
| team organization | divides employees into permanent work teams. |
| self-directed work team | a group of skilled workers who are completely in charge of handling a significant component of a well-defined segment of work |
| centralized organization | all major planning and decision making is done by a group of top managers in the business |
| decentralized organization | a business is divided into smaller operating units and managers are given almost total responsibility and authority for the operation of those units |
| flattened organization | one with fewer levels of management than traditional structures |
| vision | the company's reason for existing |
