| A | B |
|---|
| alkyne | unsaturated hydrocarbon in which at least one pair of carbon atoms is joined by a triple covalent bond |
| substituted hydrocarbon | hydrocarbon formed when one or more hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon ring or chain are replaced by a different atom or group of atoms |
| acid | compound with a pH below 7 that tastes sour, turns blue litmus paper red, reacts with metals to produce hydrogen ions;proton donor |
| Base | compound with pH above 7 that tastes bitter, is slippery to the touch, turns red litmus paper blue, and ionizes in water to produce hydroxide ions; proton acceptor |
| electrolyte | substance whose water solution conducts an electric durrent |
| pH | measure of the hydronium ion concentration of a solution; measured on a scale from 0 to 14 |
| salt | compound formed from the positive ion of a base and the negative ion of an acid |
| neutralization | reaction in which an acidcombines with a base to form a salt and water |
| organic compound | a carbon containing compound with a few inorganic exceptions such as calcium carbonate carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide |
| structural formula | description of a molecule that shows the kind number and arrangement of atoms in a molecule |
| isomer | one of a number of compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures |
| hydrocarbon | organic compound that contains only hydrogen and carbon |
| saturated hydrocarbon | hydrocarbon in which all the bonds between carbon atoms are single covalent bonds |
| unsaturated hydrocarbon | hydrocarbon in which one or more of the bonds between carbon atoms ar a double covalent or triple covalent bond |
| alkane | straight chain or branched chain saturated hydrocarbon |
| alkene | unsaturated hydrocarbon in which at least one pair of carbon atoms is joined by a double covalent bond |
| chemical reaction | process in which substances undergo physical and chemical changes that result in the formation of new substances with different properties |
| reactant | substance that enters into a chemical reaction |
| product | substance produced by a chemical reaction |
| chemical equation | expression in which symbols formulas and numbers are used to represent a chemical reaction |
| synthesis raction | chemical reaction in which two or more simple substances combine to form a new more complex substance |
| decomposition reaction | chemical reaction in which a complex substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances |
| single replacement reaction | chemical reaction in which a complex substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances |
| double replacement action | chemical reaction in which different atoms intwo different compounds replace each other |
| exothermic reaction | chemical reaction inwhich energy is released |
| endothermic reaction | chemical reaction in which energy is absorbed |
| activation energy | energy required for a chemical reaction to occur |
| kinetics | study of the rates of chemical reactions |
| reaction rate | measures of how quickly reactants change into products |
| collision theory | theory that relates collisions among particles to reaction rate; reaction rate depends on such factors as concentration, surface area, temperature and catalysts |
| catalyst | substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being changed by the reaciton |
