| A | B |
|---|
| When stronger nations attempt to create empires by dominating weaker nations economically, politically, culturally or militarily | imperialism |
| Why did imperialism grow? | economic factors, nationalist factors, military factors, and humanitarian factors, also military factors. (we wanted naval bases and new markets for our goods) |
| the devotion to one's nation is called _____________. | nationalism |
| to join new territory to an existing country is called | annex |
| What did President George Washington warn in his farewell address? | To stay out of foreign affairs. The U.S. pretty much did for their first century |
| Who was responsible for the U.S. purchase of Alaska? | William Seward "Seward's folly" or "Seward's icebox" |
| Who sailed into Japan and opened trade relations? | Matthew Perry |
| The U.S. signed a treaty with __________ to bring sugar in duty free | Hawaii |
| How was social darwinism used to justify imperialism? | They believed that societies produced by Anglo Saxons were superior to other societies and believed that expansionism was the nation's destiny |
| What three places did the U.S. look for expansion? | Latin America, The Islands of the Pacific, and China |
| Who was considered the most powerful nation in the world during this time? | Great Britain |
| Who controlled Cuba until 1868? | Spain |
| What caused the U.S. to intervene in Cuba? | Cuban guerrillas destroyed American sugar plantations |
| Who headed the New York World Herald | Joseph Pulitzer |
| Who headed the New York Morning Journal | William Randolph Hearst |
| sensationalized headlines in journalism is sometimes called ___________ journalism | yellow |
| What ship was moved into Havanna's harbor to protect American interests there? | U.S.S. Maine |
| The first action in the Spanish-American war took place where? | Philippines |
| In the Spanish-American War, who headed the Rough Riders? | Theordore Roosevelt |
| What was the most famous incident of the Spanish-American War? | the charge by the Rough Riders up San Juan Hill |
| What treaty ended the Spanish-American War? | Treaty of Paris of 1898 |
| What territory did Spain lose in the Spanish-American War? | Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam |
| What was the Teller Amendment? | It said that the United States would not annex Cuba |
| What was the Platt Amendment? | It stated that the Cuban government could not enter into any foreign agreements and must allow the U.S. two naval bases on the island and give the U.S. the right to intervene when necessary |
| With the help of the U.S. marines, which pineapple planter removed the Queen of Hawaii from her throne? | Sanford Dole |
| an area of economic and political control | sphere of influence |
| China's huge population and its vast markets made it important to the U.S. The idea that China would keep an _ _____ so that they would have equal access to China's consumers. | Open Door |
| Who started a rebellion in China? | The Boxers |
| Who became the President when McKinley was assassinated? | Teddy Roosevelt |
| Where was a canal built to link the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans? | Isthmus of Panama |
| Which country had bought a concession from Columbia to build the canal? | France |
| a grant for a piece of land in exchange for a promise to use the land for a specific purpose | concession |
| What was the spooner act? | It authorized the purchase of the rights from France to build a canal, but the U.S. had to work out a treaty with Columbia for a lease for the land |
| How did the U.S. support the Panamanian Revolution? | they supplied the rebels with warships |
| What was the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty? | It gave the United States complete sovereignty over the Panama Canal Zone and the Panamanians would receive $10 million |
| What old African proverb did Teddy Roosevelt make famous? | Walk Softly and Carry a Big Stick |
| What was the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine? | If the countries engaged in activities that were harmful to the interests of the U.S. or if their governments collapsed it would put stronger nations on the border of the U.S. then the U.S. would be forced to exercise an international police force |
| Why did Teddy Roosevelt win the Nobel Peace Prize? | For negotiating a peace to the Russo-Japanese War |
| Who succeeded Teddy Roosevelt as President? | William Howard Taft |
| What was Taft's foreign policy called? | Dollar diplomacy |
| Taft's plan to invest American dollars in foreign countries was called ___________. | Dollar Diplomacy |
| Until the annexation of the _______, most Americans supported overseas involvement | Philippines |
| What arguments were used to go against imperialism? | moral and political arguments, racial arguments, economic arguments |
| What was the Great White Fleet? | Part of the U.S. navy that Roosevelt sent around the world to show the world America's impressive military power |
| What derogotory cry about the U.S. could be heard in Latin America? | "Yankee, Go home" |
| This was a secret society of business leaders that formed with the purpose to overthrow the King of Hawaii and establish a democrary under the control of America. | Hawaiian League |
| As conditions with Hawaii worsened, the U.S. wanted the port of ____________ in excahge for renewing the sugar treaty. | Pearl Harbor |
| The Hawaiian League forced the king to sign the ____________ constitution, which severely restricted his power and deprived most Hawaiians of the vote. It also forced Hawaii to give Pearl Harbor to the United States. | bayonet constitution |
| Sugar planters overthrew Queen ___________ with the help of the U.S. marines | Liliuokalani |
| Once the Hawaiian rebels had control, who was named as their President? | Sanford Dole |
| Under Dole, Hawaii was a U.S. territory. President Grover Cleveland was troubled. He supported the Queen and would not support the annexation of Hawaii. Which Pesident took office and annexed Hawaii? | William McKinley |
| What caused the Russo-Japanese War? | Japan started eyeing Korea and the Chinese province of Manchuria and Russia also wanted these lands. |
| Who was Jose' Marti? | He was a revolutionary in Cuba who led the revolt against Spain. |
| What caused American sentiment to side with the Cubans? | Spanish General Weyler used ruthless tactics to suppress teh revolt. He forced civilians into camps and many died from disease and starvation. |
| What was the de Loome letter? | A letter written by the Spanish minister to the U.S. which ridiculed President McKinley and was published by the New York Journal |
| Who led the Filipino rebels in their fight against Spain? | Emilio Aguinaldo |
| These were African American soliders who led the charge for San Juan Hill | buffalo soldiers |
| How did John Hay, the U.S. ambassador to England, refer to the Spanish-American War? | It was "a splendid little war" |
| What were the arguments for annexing the Philippines? | The U.S. believed they had a duty to spread its values overseas. They felt the U.S. needed to educate the Filipinos and uplift, civilize and Christianize them. The Philippines had economic and strategic value that should not fall into the hands of other countries. It was located on the route to China and would be useful to resupply ships |
| What were the arguments against annexing the Philippines? | They belived annexation would violate the ideal of self-government and this was the foundation of the American system. They did not wand oppression to occur. The United States should not export racism and violence. Some Americans believed annexation would increase immigration to the United States. |
| The ___________ amendment led to the establishment of the U.S. naval base at Guantanamo Bay | Platt amendment |
| This is the definition for a country under the control and protection of another country. | protectorate |
| This is any extent of region under the jurisdiction of the United States. | territory |
| This Act said that the U.S. would appoint a govenor and upper house legislature in Puerto Rico and they the Puerto Rican voters could elect the lower house. | Foaker Act |
| This declared that the Western Hemisphere was off-limits to European nations. | Monroe Doctrine |
| This was a doctrine that said the United States would use military force to prohibit further European involvement in Latin America | Roosevelt Corollary |
| Why was the United States drawn into the conflict in Mexico? | because of their economic ties to Mexico |
| Describe the rule of Mexico under Dictator Porfirio Diaz. | He brought stability to Mexico, but jailed his opponents and did not allow freedom of the press. He used the army to provide peace at all costs. He received foreign investment money and used it to modernize Mexico, however, the wealth was concentrated in the hands of foreign investors and a small Mexican elite and most Mexicans lived in poverty. Opposition to Diaz grew steadily. |
| How did Dictator Diaz handle the 1910 election? | He jailed his opponent, Francisco Madero. |
| Who emerged as the leader of Mexico after the Revolution? | Madero, but he was overthrown by Victoriano Huerta |
| What was the Tampico incident? | 9 U.S. soldiers left the USS Dolphin and went ashore for supplies in the Mexican port of Tampico. They were arrested and quickly released by Huerto's soldiers. The Mexican government also apologized. The U.S. demanded a more fromal apology and a 21 gun salute to the American flag, but Huerta refused. |
| What was the result of the Tampico incident? | Congress approved a request by President Wilson to use force against Mexico. |
| What happened to Huerta after the Battle of Veracruz? | He resigned and fled to Spain. |
| Who declared himself the leader of Mexico in 1914 and was supported by Wilson? | Venustiano Carranza |
| Why did President Wilson support Carranza? | He felt American economic interests would be harmed by the land distribution that Zapata and Villa wanted. |
| Who did President Wilson send to Mexico to search for Villa after he led hundreds of troops into Columbus, New Mexico, which marked the first armed invasion of the United States since the War of 1812. | General John J. Pershing |
| What were the arguments of the Anti-Imperialists? | Expansionist behavior was a rejection of the nation's foundation of liberty for all. The U.S. had enough dificulties abroad and should not take on more. The large armies that were used to bring other nation's under American control could be used just as easily to crush dissent at home. Some saw racism in imperialism. Many feared the effects of the United States having to absorb more people or different races into the United States. Expansion involved too many costs. Maintaining the army required more taxation, debt, and maybe compulsory or required military service. Samuel Gompers of the AFL argued that laborers coming to the U.S. from annexed territories would compete with American workers for jobs. |
| What was the appeal of Imperialism? | It offered a new kind of "frontier" for American expansion that would keep Americans from losing their competitive edge. |
| The United States helped support the Panamanians in their revolution against what country? | Colombia |
| The Roosevelt Corollary is an addition to what document? | The Monroe Doctrine |
| President Theodore Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize for helping to negotiate an agreement between what two countries? | Russia and Japan during the Russo-Japanese War |
| During the Spanish American War, how did the defeat of the Philippines come about? | The United States defeated the Spanish on the seas and the Filipino rebels defeated the Spanish on land. The Spanish were forced to surrender the Philippines |
| Woodrow Wilson did not believe in Taft's dollar diplomacy. He believed in moral diplomacy. Describe moral diplomacy. | helping countries by nurturing constitutional governments |
| What the United States from going to war with Mexico after the Battle of Veracruz? | Argentina, Brazil, and Chile mediated |
| Building the Panama canal would shorten travel time between what two oceans? | The Atlantic and Pacific Oceans |
| "You furnish the pictures, I'll furnish the War." What did William Randolph Hearst mean by this message he supposedly sent to Federick Remmington? | Hearst believed that if he had the right photographs from Cuba, he could influence the United States to go to war against Spain. |
