| A | B |
|---|
| escarpment | a steep slope capped by a plateau |
| rift | a lond, deep valley usually with mountainous slopes on both sides |
| Sahel | a region of bush savannas and grasslands along the southern edge of Africa's Sahara |
| animism | a religious belief that honors the memories of ancestors and holds that waters, animals, trees, mountains, and other objects in nature have spirits |
| What are the major landforms in Africa? | High plateaus and wide plains. |
| What type of vegetation would you find in a tropical-savanna climate with good rains? | Tall trees and grasses |
| Compare and contrast the climates of North Africa and Southern Africa | Both northern and southern areas have deserts. Southern Africa has many climate regions, including savanna, humid-subtropical, marine west-coast, and Mediterranean climates. In contrast, most non desert areas of North Africa have a Mediterranean climate. |
| How did early African empires gain power in a region? | Through control of trade routes. |
| What were the effects of the European colonization? | When the Europeans divided Africa, the boundaries cut across ethnic groups and did not consider climate or landform regions. Europeans also transferred European cultue, technology, and policies to Africa, set up mines and plantations, built roads, schools, ports, and hospitals in some areas, and promoted some education. |
| Why are many Africans moving from rural to urban areas? | Farming communities are overcrowded; Soil erosion limits land available for agriculture, forcing Africans to seek jobs in the cities. |
| How are Africa's rivers important economic resource? | As a source of hydroelectric power. |
| Explain how a country might be disadvantaged by either a large of a small population. | A small population may not provide enough educated people to run the government or industries. Also, having too few people to buy the goods produced by the country's factories hurts the economy. However, a large population needs more housing, food, jobs, and education. |
