| A | B |
|---|
| What role does the endocrine system play in the body? | regulates long-term changes in the body such as growth and development, it also controls many of your body's daily activities |
| What is a hormone? | chemical substance produced by an endocrine gland |
| How do hormones reach the cells where they have their effect? | through the bloodstream |
| What are the glands of the endocrine system? | hypothalamus, pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus gland, adrenal glands, pancreas, reproductive glands(ovaries & testes) |
| What is the hypothalamus? | an endocrine gland located in the brain-also part of the nervous system |
| How does the hypothalamus interact with the pituitary gland? | hypothalamus hormones signal the release of hormones from the pituitary gland |
| How is the onset of puberty related to the endocrine system? | hypothalamus signals the pituitary gland to produce hormones which signal the reproductive glands to produce sex hormones at about ten years old |
| What are the main functions of the male reproductive system? | produce sex hormones, to produce and store sperm, and to deliver sperm to the female reproductive system |
| What is the name of the sac in which the testes are located? | scrotum |
| What is semen? | mixture of sperm cells and fluid from the seminal vesicles, prostate gland, & bulbourethral gland |
| How is semen formed? | sperm are produced in testes and are stored in epididymis |
| What should males do to maintain reproductive health? | cleanliness, sexual abstinence, protection from trauma, self-exams, regular medical checkups |
| What are problems with sperm that lead to infertility in males? | inability to produce sperm and the production of too few sperm |
| What are the main functions of the female reproductive system? | produce sex hormones, to produce eggs, and to provide a nourishing environment in which a fertilized egg can develop into a baby |
| What is ovulation? | an ovary releases a ripened egg about once every month |
| Where are the fallopian tubes? | extending from an ovary toward the uterus in the pelvic area |
| What is the function of the fallopian tubes? | passageways that carry eggs away from the ovaries and where fertilization usually occurs |
| What event marks the end of one menstrual cycle and the beginning of another? | menstruation |
| What should females do to maintain reproductive heatlh? | cleanliness, sexual abstinence, prompt treatment for infections, self-exams, regular medical checkups |
| How is genetic information passed from one generation to the next? | through genes contained on the two sets of chromosomes that a person receives from their parents |
| What are genes? | a section of a chromosome that determines or affects a characteristic, or trait |
| How are genes related to chromosomes? | every chromosome in your body is made up of many genes |
| What are the causes of genetic disorders? | inheritance of an abnormal gene or chromosome |
| What are factors that influence your risk for disease? | environment and behavior |
| Which hormone regulates the "fight-or-flight" response? | adrenaline |
| What are the reproductive glands called in females? | ovaries |
| What are the reproductive glands called in males? | testes |
| What may result if a male strains to lift a heavy object? | inguinal hernia |
| What are the effects of testosterone? | production of sperm & growth of facial hair |
| What are the roles played by hormones during sperm production? | luteinizing hormone(LH) signals the testes to make testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) & testosterone signal production of sperm |
| What causes infertility in men? | exposure to certain chemicals, having mumps after puberty, having an undescended testis |
| What is the reason that many sperm are released during ejaculation? | only a few dozen sperm complete the journey to the egg |
| Which organ releases mature eggs? | ovary |
| How long is the average menstrual cycle? | 28 days(ranges from 21 days-35 days) |
| What hormones play a role in the menstrual cycle? | FSH and LH |
| Which kind of cancer may be detected by a Pap smear? | cancer of the cervix |
| How many chromosomes are contained in each of your sex cells? | 23 |
| What are some genetic disorders? | sickle cell disease, Tay-Sachs disease, cystic fibrosis, phenylketonuria, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, hemophilia, Huntington's disease, down syndrome |
| What is the difference between dominant and recessive traits? | need one dominant form of gene to have a trait-you need two forms of a recessive gene to have trait |
| Which type of reproductive cancer is most common? | prostate |
