| A | B |
|---|
| Barbary pirates | came from the North African coast - Morocco, Algiers, Tunisia, and tripoli; attacked American and European ships or demanded tribute; America stopped the tribute |
| Andrew Jackson | American commander who gained military prominence by defeating the Creeks at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend and the British at the Battle of New Orleans |
| Francis Scott Key | Wrote the "Star-Spangled Banner" after watching the bombardment of Fort McHenry defending Baltimore |
| William Henry Harrison | Governor of Indiana Territory; led 100 troops to defeat the Native Americans led by the Prophet at the Battle of Tippecanoe |
| Captain Oliver Hazard Perry | Led naval forces in defeating the British on Lake Erie in 1813 |
| James Madison | President during the War of 1812 |
| Tecumseh and the Prophet | Shawnee leaders who urged Native Americans to resist American settlers, preserve traditional ways, and form a league to organize resistance |
| Battle of New Orleans | Final battle of the War of 1812, actually fought after Treaty of Ghent was signed |
| Hartford Convention | Delegates suggested that the New England states secede in opposition to the War of 1812 |
| War Hawks | Those who were eager to fight Britain in 1810; included Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun |
| Battle of the Thames | William Henry Harrison led American troops into Canada to defeat a combined Native American force -- Tecumseh was killed |
| impressment | the practice of forcing a sailor to serve in a foreign navy |
| judicial review | established by Marbury v. Madison; the Supreme Court has the right to decide if acts of Congress are constitutional |
| continental divide | a mountain range that divides rivers flowing east from rivers flowing west |
| Toussaint L'Ouverture | Led a successful slave revolt on Haiti; cost the French control of Haiti and a base in the Caribbean |
| Meriwether Lewis and William Clark | Sent to explore and map the northern part of the Louisiana Purchase from the Mississippi River to the Pacific Ocean |
| Zebulon Pike | sent to explore the southern region of the Louisiana Purchase; entered Spanish New Mexico and arrested/accused of spying |
| Stephen Decatur | Led 60 American sailors in raiding Tripoli harbor to burn the "Philadelphia" to keep her out of the hands of the Barbary pirates |
| laissez faire | idea that government should pay as small a role as possible in economic affairs; no government interference |
| Robert Livingstone and James Monroe | sent to France to buy New Orleans, but the French offered all of Louisiana |
| Embargo Act | Passed in 1807 to forbid foreign trade, no American ships could sail to foreign ports, Jefferson tried to force Britain and France to respect American neutrality |
| Marbury v. Madison | court case establishing the precedent of judicial review |
| Sacagawea | Shoshone woman who served as a translator and guide for Lewis and Clark |
| Battle of Tippecanoe | Native Americans were defeated by William Henry Harrison and a force of 1000 soldiers in Indiana |
