| A | B |
|---|
| INSTR | returns the numeric position of a named string. |
| LENGTH | returns the number of characters in the expression |
| character functions | classification of functions that accept character data as input and can return both character and numeric values. |
| number functions | functions in this category accept numeric input and return numeric values |
| format | the arrangement of data for storage or display |
| SUBSTR | returns specified characters from character value starting at a specified character position and going specified character positions long |
| constant | a quantity assumed to have a fixed value in a mathematical context |
| DUAL | dummy table used to view results from functions and calculations |
| INITCAP | converts alpha character values to uppercase for the first letter of each word, all other letters in lowercase |
| input | raw data entered into the computer |
| MOD | returns the remainder of a division |
| output | data that is processed into information |
| conversion function | functions that convert a value from one data type to another |
| single-row functions | functions that operate on single rows only and return one result per row |
| ROUND | rounds the column, expression, or value to a set number of decimal places |
| LOWER | converts alpha character values to lowercase |
| SYSDATE | a function that returns the current database server date and time |
| CONCAT | concatenates the first character value to the second character value; equivalent to concatenation operator (||). |
| variable | symbol representing a quantity capable of assuming any set of values |
| expression | a symbol that represents a quantity or a relationship between quantities |
| Multiple-row functions | These functions can manipulate groups of rows to give one result per group of rows. |
| Case conversion functions | These functions convert case for character strings. |
| REPLACE | Searches a text expression for a character string and, if found, replaces it with a specified replacement string. |
| Character manipulation functions | These functions manipulate character strings |
| UPPER | Converts alpha character values to uppercase. |
| LPAD | Pads the character value right-justified to a total width of a specified character positions |
| RPAD | Pads the character value left-justified to a total width of a specified character positions |
| TRIM | Enables you to remove heading or trailing characters (or both) from a character string. |
| TRUNC | Truncates the column, expression, or value to a set number of decimal places. |
| RR date format | Century value depends on the specified year and the last two digits of the current year. |
| Personal inventory | A detailed, itemized record of accomplishments. |
| MONTHS_BETWEEN | Function that calculates the number of months between two dates |
| NEXT_DAY | Function that calculates the next date of the day specified |
| LAST_DAY | Function that calculates the last day of the month specified |
| Dummy | A piece of information entered into a computer only to meet prescribed conditions and having no effect on operations |
| DATE functions | Functions that return a value of DATE data type or a numeric value. |
| ADD_MONTHS | Function that adds calendar months to a date. |
