| A | B |
|---|
| Parallel Structure | using the similar forms of nouns, verbs, phrases, or thoughts |
| Aphorism | a short memorable statement to illustrate a commonly held belief |
| Anaphora | the regular repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases |
| Asyndeton | a series in which the conjunctions are removed to speed up the phrase |
| Epistrophe | the repetition of a phrase at the end of successive sentences |
| Simile | comparison of two unlike objects connected with either "like" or "and" |
| Metaphor | comparison of two unlike objects |
| Metonymy | a word is substituted for a related term (ie. "The White House announced today...") |
| Synecdoche | a part represents the whole |
| Circumlocution | talking around a subject or word |
| Juxtaposition | putting two things together to create an effect, reveal an attitude, or accomplish some other purpose |
| Bombast | language that is overly rhetorical or pompous for its context |
| Malapropism | an unintentional misuse of a word that resembles the intended word |
| Cliche | an overused expression |
| Colloquial | diction used by ordinary people, especially for a specific reason |
| Antithesis | the juxtaposition of two contrasting ideas in a balanced form |
| Chiasmus | a syntactical structure where the order of terms in the first is reversed in the second |
| Zeugma | a sentence structure in which the same word, usually an adjective or verb, is applied to more than one noun without being repeated |
| Loose Sentence | a long sentence that starts with the main clause and then is followed by many dependent clauses and modifying phrases |
| Period Sentence | a long sentence in which the main clause is not complete until the end |
| Ethos | an appeal to authority |
| Pathos | an appeal to emotion |
| Logos | an appeal to logic |
| Apposition | where a noun or noun phrase is used in conjunction with another noun or noun phrase, both having the same meaning and the same relationship with the other elements in the sentence |
| Epigram | a short, witty statement or poem that is often times biting or paradoxal and contains a truth |
| Litotes | a figure of speech in which an understandment is used to show the error of an opposite |
| Complex Sentence | This sentence has an independent and dependent clause |
| Compound Sentence | this sentence has two independent clauses |
| Syllogism | a chain of reasoning moving from a general premise to the specific |
| Enthymemes | chain of reasoning moving from general to specific, but leaving out the major general premise |
| Foil | a secondary character with similar characteristics to the main character used to highlight their differences |
| Buildungsroman | a coming of age story, where the main character develops morally |
| Framing | starting and ending an essay or story with the same image or situation |
