| A | B |
|---|
| Seismic waves | Used to observe Earth's interior |
| Crust | Earth's outermost layer |
| Inner Core | Earth's innermost layer |
| Continental Drift | Continents were once joined together in one landmass |
| Sea-floor spreading | Takes place at mid-ocean ridges |
| Subduction | Ocean floor sinks back into the mantle |
| Weathering | Process that forms sediment |
| Mountain range | Created by the collision of two pieces of continental crust |
| Transform boundary | Two plates slide past each other horizontally |
| Covergent boundary | Plates collide |
| Divergent boundary | Plates separate |
| Erosion | Process of moving weathered rock and soil |
| Deposition | Process of laying down weathered rock and soil |
| Epicenter | Point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus |
| Focus | Point beneath the Earth's surface where an earthquake begins |
| P waves | Fastest seismic waves |
| Surface waves | Most destructive seismic waves |
| S waves | Seismic waves that arrive second |
| Shield volcanoes | Made entirely of lava |
| Cinder cone volcanoes | Made entirely of pyroclastic material (ash) |
| Composite volcanoes | Made of alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic material (ash) |
| Streak | Color of the mineral's powder |
| Luster | The way a mineral reflects light |
| Hardness | A mineral's resistance to being scratched |
| Rock | A mixture of minerals and other materials |
| Igneous rocks | Form from the cooling of magma below the surface or lava at the surface |
| Metamorphic rocks | Form from any rock under extreme heat and pressure |
| Rock cycle | A series of processes that slowly change rocks from one kind to another |
