| A | B |
|---|
| cell | basic unit of life |
| prokaryotic | cells with no nuclei or membrane bound organelles |
| eukaryotic | cells with a nuclei and membrane bound organelles |
| organelle | membrane bound component of a cell that has a specific function |
| chlorophyll | green pigment in chlorplasts |
| cellulose | structural component of cell walls |
| diffusion | movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| tonicity | water concentration gradient |
| isotonic | equal solute concentrations both inside and outside of the cell |
| hypotonic | higher solute concentrations in the cell |
| hypertonic | higher solute concentrations outside of the cell |
| osmosis | the movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane |
| ion pump | protein channels in the cell membrane that create electrical/concentration gradients |
| bulk transport | when substance too big to pass through protein channels or the cell membrane need to enter or exit the cell |
| exocytosis | bulk transport out of the cell by means of a vesicle binding with the cell membrane |
| endocytosis | bulk transport into the cell by means of a vesicle binding with the cell membrane |
| phagocytosis | "cell eating" |
| pinocytosis | "cell drinking" |
| psuedopodia | cytoplasmic extension used to surround and eat small organisms |
| flagellum | whip like extension used in cellular movement |
| cilia | hair-like structures used in cellular movement |
| homeostasis | process of maintaining a stable internal environment |
| equilibrium | stable internal environment |
| receptors | part of homeostasis where a stimuli is detected |
| integrator | part of homeostasis where a course of action is determined |
| effector | part of homeostasis in which a response is carried out |
| nucleus | control center of the cell; source of genetic material |
| nuclear envelope | porous membrane around the nucleus |
| nucleolus | dense region of RNA in the nucleus |
| cell membrane | lipid bilayer that surrounds the cell |
| ribosomes | site of protein synthesis |
| mitochondria | site of energy production |
| smooth endoplasmic reticulum | responsible for lipid production; has no ribosomes |
| rough endoplasmic reticulum | responsible for protein synthesis due to presence of ribosomes |
| golgi body | protein packaging organelle |
| lysosome | digestive organelle; only in animal cells |
| cell walls | rigid structure around plant cells |
| chloroplasts | organelle responsible for absorbing sun energy |
| central vacuole | responsible for holding water in plant cells |
| circulatory system | transport of nutrients, wastes, and oxygen throughout the body |
| respiratory system | exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide with the atmosphere |
| digestive system | responsible for breaking down and absorbing nutrients |
| excretory system | responsible for the filtering and removal of wastes from the body |
| skeletal system | supports and protects the body |
| muscular system | moves the body |
| nervous system | responsible for communication in the body |
| selectively permeable membrane | sorts molecules out according size or concentration |
| active transport | transport across the cell membrane that requires oxygen |
| passive transport | transport across the cell membrane by means of concentration gradients |
