| A | B |
|---|
| psychological disorders | a behavior pattern or mental process that causes serious personal suffering or interferes with a person’s ability to cope with everyday life |
| criteria | the standards on which a judgment or decision may be based |
| typicality | the normality of a behavior or mental process, average |
| maladaptivity | when a behavior impairs and individual's ability to function adequately in everyday life |
| emotional discomfort | a complication from psychological disorders |
| socially unacceptable behavior | behavior that violates a society's accepted norms |
| culture bound syndrome | a cluster of symptoms that is considered a recognizable disease only within a specific culture or society |
| phobia | an excessive, irrational fear out of proportion to the actual danger |
| social phobia | an irrational fear of social situations in which one might be exposed to the close scrutiny of others |
| panic attacks | a relatively short period of intense fear or discomfort, characterized by terror and other frightening sensations such as shortness of breath, rapid heart rate, or other distressing physical symptoms |
| agoraphobia | a fear of crowded, public places |
| debilitating | weakening, making life much more difficult |
| obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) | a type of anxiety disorder characterized by obsessions—unwanted thoughts, ideas, or mental images that occur over and over again |
| post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | a disorder caused by a distressing event outside the range of normal human experience and characterized by intense, persistent feelings of anxiety and avoidance of stimuli associated with the event |
| stimuli | outside factors that directly influence a person |
| depression | a psychological disorder characterized by extreme sadness, an inability to concentrate, and feelings of helplessness and great sadness |
| bipolar disorder | a disorder in which a person's mood changes from depression to wild elation and back again |
| mania | a mood characterized by extreme excitement, elation, hyperactivity, and chaotic behavior |
| dissociation | the separation of certain personality components or mental processes from conscious thought |
| fugue | disturbed state of consciousness in which someone performs acts in full awareness but later cannot remember |
| depersonalization | a dissociative disorder characterized by persistent or recurrent feelings of detachment from one's mental processes or body |
| somatization | the expression of psychological distress through physical symptoms; it comes from the Greek word for “body” |
| schizophrenia | a serious psychological disorder characterized by loss of contact with reality and distortions in thinking, perception, emotion, and behavior |
| catatonic stupor | an immobile, expressionless, comalike state associated with schizophrenia |
| personality disorder | a pattern of inflexible traits that disrupts social life or work and causes distress |
| empathy | sympathy; understanding of others’ feelings |
| postpartum depression | after giving birth a mother may feel hopeless and inadequate in childcare skills |
| dissociative amnesia | sudden loss of memory usually following a particularly stressful or traumatic event |
| dissociative fugue | forgetting personal information and past events, suddenly relocating from work or home, taking on a new identity |
| dissociative identity disorder | multiple personality disorder, existence of two or more personalities within a single individual |
| conversion disorder | a change in or loss of physical functioning in a major part of the body for which there is no medical explanation |
| hypochondriasis | a person's unrealistic preoccupation with thoughts that he or she has a serious disease |
| paranoid schizophrenia | when people have delusions or frequent auditory hallucinations all relating to a single theme |
| disorganized schizophrenia | when people are incoherent in their thought and speech and disorganized in their behavior |
| catatonic schizophrenia | when a person has a disturbance of movement, a stupor |
| paranoid personality disorder | when people tend to be suspicious of others and interpret others' motives as harmful or evil |
| schizoid personality disorder | have no interest in relationships with other people, lack emotional responsiveness |
| schizotypal personality disorder | odd behaviors, unconventional beliefs, and a need for social isolation |
| antisocial personality disorder | disregard for the rights of others |
| borderline personality disorder | instability in interpersonal realtionships and self-image |
| histrionic personality disorder | excessive emotionality, need for attention |
| narcissistic personality disorder | grandiosity, need for admiration, lack of emphay |
| avoidant personality disorder | social inhibitions, feelings of inadequacy |
| dependent personality disorder | submissive, clingy |
| obsessive compulsive | obsession with orderliness, perfectionism, and control |
