| A | B |
|---|
| Digestion | process of breaking down food into simple substances that can be absorbed by the body |
| Absorption | the process of taking the digested parts of food into the bloodstream |
| digestive system | consists of the parts of the body involved in chewing and digesting food. |
| monogastric digestive system | single-chambered stomach |
| stomach | muscular organ that stores ingested food |
| ruminant digestive system | large stomach divided into four compartments |
| rumen | largest section of the stomach and the first compartment |
| reticulum | second segment of the stomach |
| omasum | small compartment that is the main sight for water absorption |
| abomasum | the site of digestion |
| pseudo-ruminant digestive system | type found in animals that eat large amounts of roughages but do not have stomachs with several compartments |
| avian digestive system | the type found in poultry |
| crop | where the food is stored and soaked |
| gizzard | very muscular organ, which normally contains stones or grit that grinds the food |
| organs | which are parts that perform specialized functions. |
| Enzymes | organic catalysts that speed up the digestive process. |
| Salivary amylase | changes starch to maltose, or malt sugar |
| Salivary maltase | changes maltose to glucose. |
| Pepsin | breaks the proteins in the food into proteoses and peptones |
| Rumination | the process of chewing cud |
| Amino Acids | compounds that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen |
| Chyme | partly digested food that leaves the stomach enters the small intestine as an acidic, semifluid, gray, pulpy mass |
| Pancreatic juice | contains the enzymes trypsin, pancreatic amylase, pancreatic lipase, and maltase |
| Trypsin | breaks down proteins not broken down by pepsin |
| Pancreatic amylase | changes starch in the food into maltose |
| Bile | a yellowish-green, alkaline, bitter liquid produced in the liver |
| intestinal juice | a fluid that contains peptidase, sucrase, maltase, and lactase |
| cecum | found where the small intestine joins the large intestine |
| villi | small fingerlike projections |
| feces | Food materials not digested or absorbed |
| anus | opening at the end of the large intestine. |
