| A | B |
|---|
| HIV stands for | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HIV1 | mutates easily & frequently & has multiple strains |
| HIV2 | less transmittable - interval between initial infection and onset |
| HIV1 is more common in | USA |
| HIV early symptoms | flu like, cancer atypical with history |
| treated w/ antiretroviral drugs to | boost immune response |
| Kaposi sarcoma | cancer specific to HIV/AIDS |
| pneumocystic pneumonia | illness can be fatal |
| opportunistic infections | pneumocystis, candidiasis, |
| cytomegalovirus | eye problems, can lead to blindness |
| crytosporiosis | diarrhae associated with HIV/AIDS |
| AIDS dementia | degeneration of brain |
| 4 ways HIV is transmitted | blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk |
| HIV not found in | urine, stool, vomit, sweat |
| Acquited immunodeficiency syndrome is | end stage of HIV infection |
| acute retroviral syndrome | flu like symptoms |
| ELISA, Western Blot | initial screening tests |
| drug cocktail | HAART |
| treat when Tcount is less than | 350 |
| distal sensory polyneuropathy feels like | burning, numb |
| WBC aka | leukocytes |
| WBC produced in | bone marrow |
| stem cells | initally all blood cells are nospecific |
| lymphocytes | either T-cell or B-cell |
| T-cells | made in marrow, to thymus |
| T-cell either become | regulator T-cells or Effector T-cells |
| Regulator T-cells made of | helper and suppressor cells |
| Effector T cells | killer cells aka cytotoxic |
| Helper T cells purpose | help fight infection |
| antibodies | chemical substances that destory foreign agents |
| B-cell lymphocytes | mature in bm and migrate to spleen |
| plasma cells produce | antibodies |
| formation of antibodies called | humoral response |
| memory cells | convert to plasma - accumulate in lymph and produce swelling |
| neutrophils and monocytes are | phagocytes |
| neutrophils aka | microphages - because they are small |
| lymphoid tissue | thymusgland, tonsils, adenoids, slpeen |
| tonsils and adenoids job | filter bacteria from tissue fluid |
| spleen's job | both hematopoietic and immune function |
| lymph nodes | similar to capillaries that drain tissue fliud |
| B-Cells are either | plasma or memory |
| phagocytes aka (3) | neutrophils, monocytes, microphages |
| natural killer cells | lymphocyte like - move around body looking for virus to kill |
| immunoglobolins aka | antibodies |
| interferons | chemicals that primarily protect cells from viral |
| anergy | inability to mount an immune response |
| infectious agens aka | microorganisms or germs |
| emerging micros | new micros - west nile |
| reemerging micros | reappearance of micros - TB whooping |
| types of infectious agents | bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsiae, protozans |
| communicable or contagious | infections that can be transmitted person to person |
| fungi | yeast or mold |
| rickettsiae | fleas, ticks, lice, mits |
| helminths | worms |
| virulence | power to produce disease |
| infectious cycle | agent, reservoir, exit, transportation, entrance, host |
| defense mechanisms 2 | mechanical, chemical |
| means of transportation | contact, droplet, airborne, vehicle, vector |
| types of infection | localized, generalized, opportunstic |
| types of infection 2 | community, nosocomial, acute, chronic, 2ndary |
| normal WBC | 4.5 - 11 (thousand) |
| sepsis is systemtic | T 100.4 higher, P 90, R20, WBC 12,000 |
| fever is the body's attemp | to destroy pathogen w/heat |
| diagnostic tests | WBC, culture, sensitivity, skin test |
| course of infection | incubation, prodromal, acute, convalescent |
