| A | B |
|---|
| encircles the Earth just south of ice-covered polar seas in the NOrthern Hemisphere | ARctic Tundra |
| Covers about 20% of the EArth's land surface | Arctic Tundra |
| Cold and dark much of the year, rainfall amounts to only about 20 cm a year | Tundra |
| Characteristic of soil where the topmost layer thaws and the layers below are alwys frozen, drainage is minimal | Permafrost |
| Treeless biome, where short grasses and sedges; patches of lichen and moss cover the ground in the summer | Tundra |
| coniferous forests; extends around the world in the northern part of North America and Eurasia; near mountaintopics | Taiga |
| cone-bearing trees; spruce, fir, and pine; means "swampland" | Taiga |
| trees well adapted to the cold with leaves and bark that have thick coverings; moose, beaver, muskrat live here | Taiga |
| Plants that grwon on other plants but usually have roots of their own that absorb moisture and minerals leached from the canopy | epiphytes |
| weather is almost always warm; rainfall is plentiful, richest in biodiversity | Tropical Rain forest |
| Shrublands | shorter than trees with woody, presistent stem and no central trunk |
| tend to occur along coasts that have dry summers and receive most of their rainfall in the winter | shrublands |
| dense shrubland that occurs in California | chaparral |
| Grasslands | occur where annual rainfall is greater than 25 cm but generally insufficient to support trees |
| Savannas | grasslands that contain some trees |
