| A | B |
| Monotheism | belief in one god |
| Qu'ran | Muslim's sacred book believed to be written record of God |
| Caliph | political leader and successor to Muhammad |
| pilgrimage | journey to a sacred place |
| Muhammad | prophet of Islam |
| Mosque | Muslim house of worship |
| Sunna | guiding rules of Islam, based on Muhammad's life |
| Battle of Tours | stopped Muslims move into Europe |
| Oasis | small area of water in a desert |
| Nomad | person who moves from place to place |
| Muslim | believers in Islam |
| Emir | ruled provinces, appointed by Caliph |
| Dissent | disagree with policies of government |
| Factions | small groups within a government |