| A | B |
|---|
| Americans with Disabilities Act | forbids discrimination on the basis of a physical or mental disability if the individual can perform “essential function” of the job. |
| Age Discrimination Employment Act | forbids discrimination against any person aged 40 or older in hiring, firing, promotion, or other aspect of employment. |
| Agent | Represents another person in some sort of business transaction with another party. |
| Child labor laws | Laws that control the work that children are permitted to do. |
| Collective bargaining agreement | Contract negotiated by employer and representatives |
| Disclaimer | A statement that regardless of provisions or policies in an employee handbook and regardless of any oral promises to the contrary, an employment-at-will situation still exists between the employer and its employee. |
| Disparate impact | Occurs when an employer has a policy which on the surface seems neutral, but which has an unequal and unfair impact on members of a protected group. |
| Disparate treatment | The employer intentionally discriminates against an individual or a group belonging to one of the categories protected by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. |
| Employee | The party who does the work |
| Employer | The party who pays another party for work |
| Employment-at-will | Either party may terminate employer-employee relationship at any time. |
| Express authority | Includes all the orders, commands, or directions a principal states to an agent when the agency relationship is first created |
| Featherbedding | A payment for services not performed |
| Fiduciary | Relationship that is based on trust that exists between the agent and principal |
| Gratuitous agent | A person who represents a person without being paid for it. |
| Grievance procedure | A series of steps employees must take to appeal an employer’s decision |
| Implied contract | Usually involves an oral agreement that would ordinarily be covered by employment-at-will had the employer not said or done something that implies otherwise |
| Implied covenant | A promise that the employer and the employee will be fair in their dealings with each other. |
| Indemnification | repayment of the amount lost |
| Independent contractor | A person who is hired to perform a task for another person, but is not under the other person’s control |
| Loyalty | Faithfulness or acting in a party’s best interest at all times |
| Obedience | Agent must comply with all reasonable orders and instructions within th scope of the agency agreement. |
| Occupational Safety and Health Administration | an agency of the federal government that sets health and safety standards for most U.S. companies. |
| Principal | The person who is being represented by another person in some sort of business transaction. |
| Proprietor | A person who chooses to have someone perform a task on his or her behalf, but who has no control over the way the task is carried out. |
| Ratification | Occurs when benefits from an unauthorized act are accepted with full knowledge of the facts. |
| Right-to-work laws | prohibits union shops. |
| Special agent | An agent who is employed to accomplish a specific purpose |
| Subagent | An agent lawfully appointed by another agent |
| Civil Rights Act of 1964 | forbids discrimination based on sex, race, color, national origin, or religion. |
| Trade secret | Inside information on a firm’s processes, products, or inventions |
| Unjust dismissal | Provides employees with grounds for legal action against employers who have treated them unfairly |
| Worker’s compensation | An insurance program that provides income for workers who are injured or who develop a disability or a disease as a result of their job |
| Clean Water Act | Helps to reduce pollution in waterways, wastewater treatment plants, and control runoff pollution |
| Environmental Protection Agency | Governs the environmental laws for air, water, solid waste, toxic substances, and noise pollution |
| National Environmental Policy Act | Fights pollution and cleans the environment |
| Nuclear Regulatory Commission | Generates safety policies and regulations for nuclear reactors and materials |
| Oil Pollution Act | Works to prevent drastic oil spills |
| US Department of Energy | Promotes supply and delivery of reliable, affordable, and environmentally sound energy |
| Toxic Substance Control Act | Tracks industrial chemicals produced and imported into US |
