| A | B |
|---|
| Anterior Nares | Nostrils |
| Nasal Septum | Cartilage that divides the nasal cavities into right and left sides |
| Turbinates | Bones that protrude into the nasal cavity |
| Cilia | Hairs in the nose |
| Sinuses | Cavities in the skull |
| Pharynx | Throat |
| Larynx | Voice Box |
| Glottis | Vocal Cords |
| Trachea | Windpipe |
| Bronchi | Lower end of trachea that divide into two and enter the lungs |
| Bronchioles | Subdivision of the Bronchi |
| Alveoli | Sac like structure found at the end of the bronchioles in the lungs |
| Apex | Upper part of the lung |
| Base | Lower part of the lung |
| Right Lung | Has 3 lobes, is shorter and displaced by the liver |
| Left Lung | Has 2 lungs; smaller, displaced by the heart |
| Diaphragm | Large dome shaped muscle that contract rhythmically with breathing |
| Pleura | Thin, moist, slippery membrane that covers the lungs |
| Mediastinum | Contains the thymus gland, pulmonary arteries, esophogus, trachea, etc. |
| Pulmonary Ventilation | Breathing |
| Spirometer | device that measures lung capacity |
| Tidal Volume | Amount of air that moves in and out of the lungs with each breaths |
| Residual Volume | Amount of air that remains in the lungs after expiration that cannot be voluntarily expelled |
| Hyperventilation | Rapid breathing that causes to lose CO2 too quickly |
| Communicable Disease | Caused by a pathogenic organism that can be easily transmitted to others |
| Epidemic | Occurs when a communicable disease spreads rapidly from person to person |
| Pandemic | Exist when the outbreak of disease occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a high proportion of the population |
| Standard Precautions | Used on all patients regardless of diagnosis of disease |
| Airborne Precautions | Used on patients suspected to have disease that can be transmitted through droplets in the air |
| Contact Precautions | Used on patients suspected to be infected with an organism that can be transmitted from direct or indirect contact |
| Reverse Isolation Precautions | Used to protect patients with compromised immune systems from organisms present in the environment |
| Asthma | Respiratory disorder usually caused by a sensitivity to an allergen |
| Bronchitis | Inflammation of the bronchi and bronchole tubes |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder | Any chronic disease that results in obstruction of the airways |
| Emphysema | Disease that occurs when the walls of the alveoli deteriorate and lose their elasticity |
| Epistaxis | Nosebleed |
| Influenza | Highly contagious viral infection of the upper respiratory system |
| Laryngitis | Inflammation of the vocal cords |
| Lung Cancer | Leading cause of death among men and women |
| Pleurisy | Inflammation of the membranes that cover the lungs |
| Pneumonia | Inflammation or infection of the lungs characterized by exudate in alveoli |
| Rhinitis | Inflammation of the nasal mucous membrane |
| Sinusitis | Inflammation of the mucous membranes in the cavaties of the skull |
| Sleep Apnea | Condition in which person stops breathing while sleep |
| Tuberculosis | An infectious lung disease caused by a bacterium |
| Upper Respiratory Infection | Inflammation of the membranes lining the upper respiratory system |
