| A | B |
|---|
| frescoes | paintings made on wet plaster walls |
| Minoans | an early Greek civilization located on the island of Crete, who's citizens many times became sailors and traders |
| Mycenaeans | an early Greek civilization from the mainland of Greece who conquered the Minoans |
| polis | a Greek independent city-state |
| acropolis | a hill on which a city-state built its fort |
| agora | a city-state's marketplace |
| myths | traditional stories about gods, goddesses and heroes |
| orales | special places where the Greek people believed the gods spoke through priests and priestesses |
| hoplites | nonaristocratic soldiers or heavy infantry who carried long spears and who fought in closely spaced rows |
| tyrant | people who illegally took power but had the support of the people |
| popular government | the idea that people can govern themselves |
| democracy | a government in which citizens take part |
| Iliad | an epic that tells the legend of the Trojan War |
| Odyssey | an epic that tells the legend of the what happened after the Trojan War |
| Homer | a blind poet who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey |
| Olympics Games | an important contest which showed strength and bravery held every four years in honor of the the Greek God Zeus |
| aristocracies | Greek city-states that were controlled by nobles |
| ephors | Spartan government officials that were elected by the assembly |
| metrics | a group of people in Athenian society who were noncitizens because they were born outside Athens |
| archons | nine elected rulers elected by the Athenian assembly |
| Draco | an archon who is believed to have created Athen's first writte law code |
| Solon | an archon who settled the disputes between creditors and debtors |
| Peisistratus | a tyroant ruler who iimproved Athens economy |
| Cleisthenes | a Athenian ruler who turned it into a democracy |
| direct democracy | a form of government in which all citizens participated directly in making decisions. |
| representative democracy | a form of democracy in which citizens elected representatives to govern for them |
| import | a good or service bought from another country region |
| export | a good or service sold to another country or region |
| pedagogue | a male slave who cared for and accompanied a male child after the age of seven teaching him manners |
| Sophists | Athenian men who opened schools for older boys |
| ethics | deals with what is good and bad and moral duty |
| rhetoric | the study of oratory, or public speaking, and debating |
| Perian Wars | a series of wars between Greece and Persia |
| Battle of Marathon | a battle won when the Perians invaded Greece |
| Battle of Thermopylae | a battle in which the Spartans were badly out numbered and defeated by the Greek bying the other city-states tiime to prepare their forces |
| Themistocles | a Greek leader who tricked the the Perian navy into attacking them and defeated them |
| Pericles | an Athenian leader who was a great general, orator, and statesman |
| Peloponnesian War | A war between Sparta and Athens |
