| A | B |
|---|
| characteristics of life | organization, response, reproduction, adaptability |
| cell | smallest unit of life |
| metabolism | ability to acquire, store, trnsfer energy |
| homeostasis | constant internal conditions |
| scientific name | genus and species |
| evolution occurs at this organizational level | population |
| atom | smallest portion that has the element properties |
| atomic nuclei | contains the protons and neutrons |
| covalent bond | shares electrons equally |
| hydrophobic | water fearing |
| phospholipids are made of these | hydrophillic head and hydrophobic tails |
| characteristics of acids | pH less than 7, HCl, H+ ions, lemon juice, vinegar, soft drinks, stomach contents |
| buffers | maintain stable pH |
| element found in all organic compounds | carbon |
| ex. of macromolecules | protein, charbohydrate, lipid, nucleic acid |
| dehydration | when two monomers are added together and an H2O is removed |
| hydrolysis | addition of water to a macromolecule to break off a monomer |
| monomers of carbohydrates | monosaccharide, simple sugar |
| monomer | units that make up polymers (macromolecules) |
| glycogen | how animals store excess glucose |
| examples of lipids | sterols, triglycerides, oils, wax |
| lipids main functin | food (energy) reserve |
| building blocks of proteins | amino acids |
| primary structure of proteins | amino acid polypeptide chain |
| secondary structure of protein | helix of pleated sheet |
| nuclic acid monomers | sugar (ribose or dioxy), base (one or two ring), phosphate |
| ATP | nucleotide most associated with energy |
| eukaryote | cell with membrane bound organelles and nucleus |
| mitochondria | recaptures energy from carbohydrates |
| cell wall | found in plant and some fungi, serves as a 'skeletal' support |
| what is described as proteins floating in a sea of lipids | fluid mosaic or plasma membrane |
| what affects the rate of diffusion | contentration gradient, temperature, molecular size |
| dimple diffusion | random movement from a high concentration, controlled by temperature and pressure |
| active transport | movement of a molecule against the concentration gradient |
| hypotonic | less solute, cell swells |
| hypertonic | more solute, cell shrinks |
| heat | most common form of low quality energy |
| electron carriers | NAD+, FAD, NADP+ |
| enzymes | very specific, catalysis reactions |
