| A | B |
|---|
| What landmark case brought about integration of the public school system? | Brown v. Board of Education |
| What term is defined as authority to hear certain court cases? | jurisdiction |
| What are decisions of the Supreme Court called? | opinion |
| What amendment forbids cruel and unusual punishment? | 8th Amentment |
| What is written speech intended to damage a person's reputation? | libel |
| Burning a draft card or the American flag are examples of which type of speech? | symbolic speech |
| Which amendment guarantees the right to a jury trial in civil cases? | Amendment 7 |
| Which amendment guarantees a jury trial in a criminal case? | Amendment 6 |
| brief | a written statement setting forth the legal arguments, relevant facts, and precedents supporting one side of a case |
| concurring opinion | the Court's opinion expressing the view of a justice(s) who agree with the majority's conclusion but for different reasons |
| dissenting opinion | the opinion expressed by a minority of justices in a Court case |
| Article 3 | ESTABLISHED THE JUDICIAL BRANCH-establishes a Supreme Court to head the judicial branch; gives the national government the power to create lower federal courts; it outlines the jurisdiction or the authority of the Supreme Cour and other federal courts to rule on cases; it defines treason against the U.S. |
| jury duty | the civic duty or responsibility to serve on a jury |
| grand jury | a group that hears charges against a suspect and decides whether there is sufficient evidence to bring the person to trial |
| indictment | a formal charge by a grand jury |
| unanimous verdict | a decision by a jury where all members of the jury vote the same, guilty or not |
| hung jury | a jury that is unable to reach a decision |
| 14th Amendment | originally intended to protect the legal rights of the freed slaves and their descendants, but today it protects the rights of citizenship in general by prohibiting a state from depriving any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. |
| Schenek v. the United States | Oliver Holmes' opinion for a unanimous court established the clear and present danger standard in free speech cases. |
| McCulloch v. Maryland | The Supreme Court ruled that a broad interpretation of the Constitution should be applied; this gave Congress the right to make any laws necessary to carry out its other powers. |
| Tinker v. Desmoines | extended First Amendment protecton to public school students in the now famous statement that it can hardly be argued that either students or teachers shed their constitutional rights of freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate, allowing students to wear black armbands. |
