| A | B |
|---|
| DNA | genetic material, found in nucleus of eukaryotic cells |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid |
| replication | process by which DNA is duplicated |
| transcription | process by which RNA is made from DNA |
| translation | using mRNA to code for proteins |
| deoxyribose | 5-carbon sugar in DNA |
| DNA polymerase | enzyme that synthesizes DNA |
| mutation | a mistake or change in the DNA |
| ribose | 5-carbon sugar in RNA |
| mRNA | molecule that carries DNA instructions to the ribosome to make protein |
| rRNA | part of the structure of a ribosome |
| tRNA | transfers amino acids to ribosome to make protein |
| RNA polymerase | enzyme that makes RNA using DNA as template |
| promoter | nucleotide sequence on DNA that signals start of transcription |
| codon | 3-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid |
| genome | the complete genetic material contained in an individual |
| nucleotide | monomers, or building blocks, of nucleic acids |
| purine | nitrogenous base that has a double ring structure |
| pyrimidine | nitrogneous base that has a single ring structure |
| protein synthesis | formation of proteins using info carried by mRNA |
