| A | B |
| Restoration | return a biological community to its predisturbance structure and function |
| Rehibilitation | to rebuild a community to a useful functioning state |
| intervention | to apply techniques to discourage or reduce undesired organisms and favor or promote desired species. |
| Reallocation | to use a site to create new and different kind of biological community |
| Remediation | to clean chemical contamination from a polluted area using relatively mild or nondestructive methods |
| Reclamation | to use powerful chemical or physical methods to clean or repair a severely degraded site |
| Re-creation | to construct an entirely new ecosystem on a severely degraded site |
| Mitigation | to replace a degraded site with another site somewhere else. |