| A | B | 
| Restoration | return a biological community to its predisturbance structure and function | 
| Rehibilitation | to rebuild a community to a useful functioning state | 
| intervention | to apply techniques to discourage or reduce undesired organisms and favor or promote desired species. | 
| Reallocation | to use a site to create new and different kind of biological community | 
| Remediation | to clean chemical contamination from a polluted area using relatively mild or nondestructive methods | 
| Reclamation | to use powerful chemical or physical methods to clean or repair a severely degraded site | 
| Re-creation | to construct an entirely new ecosystem on a severely degraded site | 
| Mitigation | to replace a degraded site with another site somewhere else. |