| A | B |
|---|
| geologic time scale | record of life forms and geologic events |
| eras | Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic |
| periods | eras are divided into these |
| tension | a pulling force |
| cementation | fragments are "glued" into sedimentary rock |
| granite | most common intrusive igneous rock |
| metamorphic rock | formed deep underground as a result of heat and pressure |
| rock cycle | processes that change one kind of rock into another |
| relief | difference between highest and lowest elevation on a topographic map |
| elevation | distance above sea level |
| contour lines | lines on a topographic map that show elevation |
| topography | shape of land as a result of relief, slope, elevation |
| relative age | age of a fossil compared to other fossils |
| index fossils | widely distributed but lived for short period of geologic time |
| magma | molten rock under the Earth's surface |
| lava | molten rock on the Earth's surface |
| crystal | repeating pattern of a mineral's particles |
| fracture | minerals do not break along flat planes |
| talc | softest mineral |
| diamond | hardest mineral |
| luster | the way a mineral reflects light |
| inorganic | not made from or by living things |
| intrusive | igneous rock formed below Earth's surface |
| extrusive | igneous rock that formed on the Earth's surface |
| pipe | tube connecting magma chamber and crater of a volcano |
| streak | color of a mineral's powder |
| island arc | line of volcanoes that form along a convergent oceanic boundary |
| P waves | can pass through solids and liquids |
| S waves | cannot pass through solids and liquids |
| tsunami | huge tidal wave caused by an earthquake under the ocean |
| volcanic belts | form along plate boundaries |
| Hawaiian Islands | volcanic islands that form along a hot spot |
| steep slope | represented by countour lines that are close together |
| gentle slope | represented by countour lines that are far apart |
| ore | rock containing metal or useful mineral |
