| A | B |
|---|
| Leif Ericson | led the Vikings from northern Europe in a voyage to northeastern Canada about 500 years before Columbus |
| Yanga | an elderly African slave who the Spanish tried to capture in the mountains around Veracruz |
| canoe | a Taino word used in English |
| artifacts | things the Taino left behind that tell us about their life |
| expedition | a journey made for a special purpose |
| Christopher Columbus | A Spanish explorer whose expedition wanted to find a sea route to the Indies by sailing west instead of east |
| Ferdinand and Isabella | The king and queen of Spain who gave Columbus money for his first expediton |
| Bahama Islands | Columbus landed here instead of Asia; islands off the coast of North America |
| San Salvador | means Holy Savior and is the name of the islands that Columbus discovered |
| colony | a settlement that is far away from the country that rules it |
| Columbian Exchange | the movement of people, plants, animals, and germs across the Atlantic Ocean |
| seeds of change | items from the Columbian Exchange that include the potato, maize, sugar, the horse, and disease |
| New World | The name that people gave the Americas |
| conquistadors | A name for the Spanish conquerors who first came to the Americas in the 1500s |
| Tenochtitlan | the capital of the Aztec empire since the early 1300s |
| Moctezuma the Younger | the great-grandson of Moctezuma I |
| Hernando Cortes | led an expedition to Mexico and took Moctezuma prisoner |
| New Spain | the Spanish colony that included the lands of the aztec, the Maya, and other peoples of the Americas |
| historical map | a map that shows information about the past or where past events took place |
| Mexico City | the new name for Tenochtitlan after it fell |
| encomiendas | a very large piece of land in New Spain given by the Spanish government to certain Spanish colonists |
| Estevanico | An African scout who helped Coronado search for the Seven Cities of Gold |
| Fray Marcos de Niza | a Spanish priest who joined Coronado on his expedition |
| Bartolome de Las Casas | A Catholic priest who defended the rights of Indians in New Spain |
| missionary | a person who teaches his or her religion to others who have different beliefs |
| New Laws of 1542 | laws passed by the king of Spain that said Indians could no longer work without pay |
| Taino | peoples living on islands in the Atlantic Ocean who met Spanish explorers in 1492 |
