| A | B |
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| topography | The shape of the land determined by elevation, relief, and landforms. |
| elevation | Height above sea level. |
| relief | The difference in elevation between the highest and lowest parts of an area. |
| landform | A feature of topography formed by the processes that shape Earth’s surface. |
| landform region | A large area of land where the topography is similar. |
| plain | A landform made up of flat or gently rolling land with low relief. |
| mountain | A landform with high elevation and high relief. |
| mountain range | A series of mountains that have the same general shape and structure. |
| map | A model of all or part of Earth’s surface as seen from above. |
| globe | A sphere that represents Earth’s surface. |
| scale | Used to compare distance on a map or globe to distance on Earth’s surface. |
| symbols | On a map, pictures used by mapmakers to stand for features on Earth’s surface. |
| key | A list of the symbols used on a map. |
| equator | An imaginary line that circles Earth halfway between the North and South poles. |
| hemisphere | One half of the sphere that makes up Earth’s surface. |
| prime meridian | The line that makes a half circle from the North Pole to the South Pole and that passes through Greenwich, England. |
| degree | A unit used to measure distances around a circle. One degree equals 1/360 of a full circle. |
| latitude | The distance in degrees north or south of the equator. |
| longitude | The distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian. |
| map projection | A framework of lines that helps to show landmasses on a flat surface. |
| satellite images | Pictures of the land surface based on computer data collected from satellites. |
| pixels | The tiny dots in a satellite image. |
| digitizing | Converting information to numbers for use by a computer. |
| topographic map | A map that shows the surface features of an area. |
| contour line | A line on a topographic map that connects points of equal elevation. |
| contour interval | The difference in elevation from one contour line to the next. |
| Global Positioning System (GPS) | A method of finding latitude and longitude using satellites. |
